Most cases of cancer begin in the cells on the surface of the inner lining tissues of the organ or gland. At the early stage, most cancers are asymptomatic.
However, at the advanced stage, most cancers not can induce common symptoms such as gastrointestinal discomforts, unintended weight loss, loss of appetite, and fatigue but also localized symptoms depending on the affected tissues and organs.
Mouth/oral cancer is a medical condition associated with the irregular cell growth on the tissue of the mouth caused by genetic alteration of the cell DNA.
Most cases of mouth cancer start in the flat, thin cells (squamous cells) of the inner lining tissue that line the lips and the inside of the mouth.
According to the statistics provided by the American cancer society, in 2018, approximately, over 50,000 people will get oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer. An estimated over 10,000 people will die of these cancers.in the United States.
The exact causes of mouth cancer are unknown. However, the increase in age, gender, exposure to radioactive, long-term use of tobacco use and excessive alcohol drinking, viral infection, and genetic mutation is the most common prevalent risk factors found in people with mouth cancer.
Risk factors associated with the onset of mouth cancer are
* Smoking
In the studies, Cancer Prevention Study (CPS) I and II, sponsored by the American Cancer Society (ACS), researchers found that the mortality risk for oral cancer in cigarette smokers is substantially greater than that observed among lifelong never smokers.
* Alcohol drinking
Alcohol drinking is known to promote oral cancer. Oral cancer risk increases if a person is both a heavy smoker and a drinker.
* Chewing tobacco
Maybe as a result of irritation of the mucous membranes of the mouth from chemicals in the tobacco.
* Chewing betel nut
It May be caused by a chemical compound that irritates the mucous membranes of the mouth
* Age
Most cases of oral cancer are diagnosed at ages over the fifties.
Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, seed or nut oils, etc.
On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of chronic diseases, researchers investigated associations between retinol, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene with the risk of oral cancer.
The comparative cross-sectional study included a total of 240 involving oral cancer patients and healthy individuals in matched cases and controls where subjects were selected from the Malaysian Oral Cancer Database and Tissue Bank System (MOCDTBS).
According to the analysis,
* Serum levels of retinol and α-tocopherol among cases (0.177±0.081, 1.649±1.670μg/ml) were significantly lower than in controls (0.264±0.137, 3.225±2.054μg/ml) (p<0.005) compared to treatment group.
* Serum levels of β-carotene among cases (0.106±0.159 μg/ml) were lower compared to controls (0.134±0.131μg/ml)
These results suggested that high serum levels of retinol (OR=0.501, 95% CI=0.254-0.992, p<0.05) and α-tocopherol (OR=0.184, 95% CI=0.091-0.370, p<0.05) was significantly related to lower risk of oral cancer.
After taking other factors into account, researchers said, "High serum levels of retinol and α-tocopherol confer protection against oral cancer risk".
Taken altogether, tocopherols may be considered an adjunct therapy in the treatment of oral cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose and acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) High serum level of retinol and α-tocopherol affords protection against oral cancer in a multiethnic population by Athirajan V1, Razak IA, Thurairajah N, Ghani WM, Ching HN, Yang YH, Peng KN, Abdul Rahman ZA, Mustafa WM, Abraham MT, Kiong TK, Mun YK, Jalil N, Zain RB. (PubMed)
