Cervical cancer is a malignant neoplasm of the cervix uteri or cervical area caused by abnormal cell growth with an alternation of cells' DNA.
The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that opens at the top of the vagina. The cervix acts as a transition area for the vaginal lining.
Most cases of cervical cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining tissue of the cervix. At this stage, most women with cervical cancer do not experience any symptoms.
At the advanced stage, invasive cancer can induce symptoms of abnormal bleeding, pain during sexual intercourse, and increased vaginal discharge. If the tumor has suppressed the nearby nerve cells, cervical cancer can also cause localized severe pain.
According to the American Cancer Society, in 2014, 12,360 new cases of invasive cervical cancer were diagnosed with the death of 4,020 patients.
The risk of cervical cancer is higher in Hispanic women followed by African-Americans, Asians and Pacific Islanders, and whites.
Other risk factors associated with cervical cancer are HPV infection, sexual activity, smoking, giving birth many times, infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and long-term use of oral contraceptives/
However, most women with some of the risk factors have never developed cervical cancer.
According to the statistic, the 5-year survival rate for women with invasive cervical cancer is 92%. and approximately, 46% of women with cervical cancer are diagnosed at an early stage.
Beta-Sitosterol is a phytochemical in the class of Phytosterols, belongings to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in avocados, rice bran, wheat germ, corn oils, fennel, peanuts, soybeans, hawthorn, basil, and buckwheat. etc.
On finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention and treatment of cancer, researchers examined the effects of β -sitosterol, a natural product isolated from traditional Chinese herbs, on Caski and HeLa cervical carcinoma cells.
According to the experimental analysis, the application of β-sitosterol on Caski and HeLa cells showed an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation by reducing the expression of PCNA associated with antigens in cell cycle division.
The increased expression of p53 that suppressed the levels of tumor cells' mRNA levels and decreased amounts of HPV E6 transcripts produced by the tumor cells were also found in the β-sitosterol treatment of Caski and HeLa cells.
Furthermore, the treatment of Caski and HeLa cells also exhibited tumor cell apoptosis by inducing the loss of cell surface microvilli, increased electron density of cell membranes, and decreased organelles.
Based on the evidence, researchers said, "treatment of Caski and HeLa cells with β-sitosterol significantly suppressed the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and oncogenic transformation, while augmenting the expression of genes involved in apoptosis and tumor suppression".
Taken altogether, beta-Sitosterol may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of beta-Sitosterol in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Effect of β-sitosterol on the expression of HPV E6 and p53 in cervical carcinoma cells by Cheng D1, Guo Z1, Zhang S. (PubMed)
