Omega-3 Fatty Acids Promote Neuro-Functioning After Ischemic Stroke

Cardiovascular diseases refer to heart diseases and stroke, affecting millions of people in the world.
According to statistics, over 17.7 million people died from CVDs in 2015, Hyperlipidaemia and hypertension are the risk factors of the diseases.

In other words, stroke can be caused by either ischemia, due to lack of blood flow or hemorrhagic, due to bleeding.

A stroke is a medical emergency. Early intervention is most cases can minimize brain damage and potential complications.

Not all strokes can lead to permanent brain damage. Some people with a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain do not result in permanent damage.

Besides aging, smoking, medical conditions such as unmanaged high blood pressure and cholesterol and diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity are some of the prevalent factors found in stroke patients.

There is a general belief that stroke is an accumulation over a long period of an unhealthy diet with red meat and processed meats in the induction of artery-clogging.

Some researchers suggested that increased intake of fruits and vegetables such as carrot accompanied with good fats such as salmon, tuna, and mackerel may have a substantial effect in reduced inflammation in the arteries, improved blood flow, and decreased the chance of blood clots.

Sadly, stroke is one of the most common causes of death worldwide.

In the US, according to statistics, approximately 800,000 people suffer a stroke of which 600,000 of these are first attacks, and 185,000 are recurrent attacks. Nearly three-quarters of all strokes occur in people over the age of 65.


According to the statistics, in the US, stroke is the leading cause of serious, long-term disability.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, researchers examined the effects of mega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in alleviating ischemic brain injury in young adult rodents.

The study included aged (18-month-old) mice which were administered n-3 PUFA-enriched fish oil in daily chow for 3 months before and up to 8 weeks after 45 minutes of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO).
According to the results of differentiation,
* Mice receiving dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFAs for 3 months showed significant increases in brain ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFA contents.

* Furthermore, the administration of dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFAs for 3 months also markedly reduced long-term sensorimotor deficits and chronic ischemic brain tissue loss after tMCAO.

* Moreover, n-3 PUFAs robustly promoted post-ischemic angiogenesis and neurogenesis to enhance the brian neuron activity and enhanced white matter integrity after tMCAO.

* Most importantly, the enhancement of neurogenesis and white matter integrity were both correlated positively with the improvement of sensorimotor activities after tMCAO.

Collectively, researchers said, "prophylactic dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFAs effectively improves long-term stroke outcomes in aged mice, perhaps by promoting post-stroke brain repair processes such as angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and white matter restoration".


Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids found abundantly in fish oil and plant oil may be considered a functional food for the improvement of long-term stroke outcomes, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Promoting Neurovascular Recovery in Aged Mice after Ischemic Stroke - Prophylactic Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Cai M1, Zhang W1, Weng Z2, Stetler RA1,2,3, Jiang X2, Shi Y2,3, Gao Y1,2, Chen J. (PubMed)
(2) Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Incident Ischemic Stroke and Its Atherothrombotic and Cardioembolic Subtypes in 3 US Cohorts by Saber H1, Yakoob MY1, Shi P1, Longstreth WT Jr1, Lemaitre RN1, Siscovick D1, Rexrode KM1, Willett WC1, Mozaffarian D. (PubMed)