Phytochemical Ursolic acid Ameliorates the Risk of Muscle Atrophy in Vivo

Muscle atrophy is a condition associated with a lack of physical activity, inducing loss of muscle mass due to the muscles weakening and shrinking.


A neuron or nerve cell made of a cell body (also called soma), dendrites, and an axon, is a cell in the nervous system that carries electrical impulses.

Neurons are core components of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves that play an essential role to process and transmitting information.

The function of neurons can be classified into 3 types
* The sensory neurons found within the nervous system that convert external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses.

*The motor neurons transmit impulses from the spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles,. In other words, motor neurons directly control all of the muscle movements.

* The interneurons connect the motor and sensory neurons. In other words, the interneurons transfer signals between sensory and motor neurons.

The most common diseases associated with neuron dysfunction are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Lou Gehrig's disease or classical motor neuron disease disrupts signals to all voluntary muscles on both sides of the body.
The most common disease involved in muscle atrophy is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease.


Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a type of dementia associated with neurodegeneration syndrome among elders, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgment.

Over 47 million worldwide populations are affected by the disease, mostly in the West.

Ursolic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belongings to the group of Terpenes found abundantly in apples, basil, bilberries, cranberries, peppermint, lavender, oregano, hawthorn, prunes., etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, researchers examined the ursolic acid (UA) effects on the alleviation of the deleterious effect of skeletal muscle atrophy on bone health.

According to the analysis of the immobilization (IM) method used on the left hindlimb of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for 10 days to induce muscle atrophy, divided into two groups, SED (sedentary, n=6) and UA (n=6) to demonstrate the effect of UA on atrophic skeletal muscles.
* Before UA treatment, muscle atrophy was induced and bone mineral density (BMD) decreased significantly in experimental rats.

* The 8-week UA treatment significantly increased the gastrocnemius muscle mass compared to the SED group.

* UA treatment showed negative results of a decrease in BMD, trabecular bone volume fraction, and trabecular number, and an increase in trabecular separation in the SED group.

* No significant difference was observed in atrophic hindlimbs between SED and UA groups.

After talking about other factors into account, researchers said, "These results alone are insufficient to suggest that UA is a potential resistance exercise mimetic for atrophic skeletal muscle and weakened bone. However, this study will help determine the potential of UA as a resistance exercise mimetic".

Taken altogether, ursolic acid, may have an effect on muscle atrophy, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of ursolic acid in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of ursolic acid on muscle mass and bone microstructure in rats with casting-induced muscle atrophy by Kang YS, Noh EB, Kim SH. (PubMed)