Phytochemicals Omega-3 Fatty Acids, the Healthy Fat for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction

Stroke is the third leading cause of death. Approximately 1/4 of all stroke victims die as a direct result of the stroke or its complications.

Stroke is caused by the accumulation of cholesterol and other substances that build up the arterial walls.

In other words, if cholesterol building up in the arteries is blocking the circulation of blood in any part of the body causing oxygen not to be delivered to the brain, leading to the death of some cells in the brain.

According to the statistics, every year, more than 790,000 people suffer a stroke, 600,000 of these are first attacks, and 185,000 are recurrent attacks. Most cases of stroke occur in people over the age of 65.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a medical condition known as a heart attack caused by the blood flow decreasing or stopping in a part of the heart, leading to damage to the heart muscle.

In other words, myocardial infarction (MI) occurs due to the imbalance in oxygen supply and demand caused by plaque rupture with thrombus formation in an artery, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart.

Prompt treatment can minimize brain damage and potential post-disease complications.


The most common symptoms of MI are pressure, tightness, pain, or a squeezing or aching sensation in your chest, digestive discomforts such as nausea, indigestion, heartburn, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, and dizziness.

Conventionally, the treatment of myocardial infarction is focused to reduce the damage to the heart muscle accomplished through medical or mechanical means.


Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.


The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of post-stroke, researchers examined the omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) EPA the infarct-limiting effect on experimental models.

The observational study was conducted in 100 patients with a reperfused anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), at hospital admission who are quantified by gas-chromatography the red blood cell proportions of AA, EPA, and the AA: EPA ratio, a valid surrogate for cardiomyocyte membrane content.

According to the results of the tested analysis,* AA:EPA ratio directly related to acute infarct size (coefficient [95% CI]: 6.19 [1.68 to 10.69], P = 0.008) and inversely to long-term cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]) (coefficient [95% CI]: − 4.02 [− 7.15 to − 0.89], P = 0.012), comapred to uintreated control.

* EPA inversely related to acute infarct size (coefficient [95% CI]: − 6.58; [− 11.46 to − 1.70]; P = 0.009), while a direct association with LVEF at follow-up (coefficient [95% CI]: 3.67 [0.25 to 7.08]; P = 0.036) was observed.


In other words, both applications of omega 3 fatty acids demonstrated protective activity to preserve the neuron against damage immediately after the incidence of stroke.
Additionally, researchers also found, " A low AA: EPA ratio in red blood cells at the time of STEMI is associated with smaller acute infarct size and preserved long-term ventricular function".

Collectively, they said, "Our results are consistent with prior work in experimental models and add to the notion of omega-3 fatty acids as a healthy fat".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids found abundantly in fish oil and plant oil may be considered a functional food for the treatment of myocardial infarction, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose and acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Nutritional preconditioning by marine omega-3 fatty acids in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A METOCARD-CNIC trial substudy by Sala-Vila A1, Fernández-Jiménez R2, Pizarro G3, Calvo C1, García-Ruiz JM4, Fernández-Friera L5, Rodriguez MD4, Escalera N4, Palazuelos J6, Macías A4, Pérez-Asenjo B4, Fernández-Ortiz A2, Ros E1, Fuster V7, Ibáñez B. (PubMed)