Antioxidant Beta-Sitosterol Demonstrates Anti-Hyperuricemic Effects in Vivo

Anti-hyperuricemic activity is the process including the use of anti-Xanthine oxidase inhibitors to reduce the levels of uric acid levels in the body.


Uric acid, the form of ions and salts is a by-product of chemicals after the body breaks down purines, the substance is found in many foods, including Asparagus, Bacon, Beef, Bluefish, Bouillon, Calf tongue, Carp, Cauliflower, Chicken, Chicken soup, Codfish, Crab, Duck, Goose, etc..


High levels of uric acid in blood serum can be harmful, leading to gout and forming of kidney stones.

Gout mostly effected one joint, is an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in the blood, inducing joint inflammation.


According to a cross-sectional survey of a total of 6584 adults (3394 women, 3190 men) conducted by Second Military Medical University, on the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and gout showed that symptoms occurred more frequently in the following sites:
* Knee 7.0%
* Lower back 5.6%(95% CI 5.0-6.2%),
* Shoulder 4.7%
* Neck 2.4%
Women complained of rheumatic symptoms more frequently than men. In fact, symptoms are quite noticeable, you may feel well when you go to bed but wake up during the night with intense pain in one or few joints and sometimes with a fever. The symptoms may go away in a few days but can return from time to time. Chronic gout can cause lumps below the skin around joints.

Kidney stones are composed of mineral salts formed in the kidneys. Men account for 80% of those with kidney stones and are at risk of the formings between 30 and 40 years of age. About 75% of kidney stones are calcium stones.


Uric acid stones occur in 10% of all kidney stones and are the second-most-common cause of urinary stones after calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate calculi(

Beta-Sitosterol is a phytochemical in the class of Phytosterols, belongings to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in avocados, rice bran, wheat germ, corn oils, fennel, peanuts, soybeans, hawthorn, basil, buckwheat. etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with uric acid, researchers elucidated the L. trichocarpha ethanolic extract (LTE), ethyl acetate fraction from ethanolic extract (LTA), and isolated compounds urate-lowering activity and liver xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibition on oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice.

According to the tested differentiation,* Crude ethanolic extract and its ethyl acetate fraction showed significant urate-lowering effects.


* LTE also significantly inhibited liver xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in vivo at the dose of 250mg/kg.


* Luteolin, apigenin, lupeol, lychnopholide, and eremantholide C isolated compounds showed anti-hyperuricemic activities among tested compounds.

* Furthermore, LTE, LTA, lupeol, β-sitosterol, lychnopholide, eremantholide, luteolin, and apigenin were also found to inhibit monosodium urate crystals-induced paw edema in mice.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Ethanolic extract of Lychnophora trichocarpha and some of its bioactive compounds may be promising agents for the treatment of gouty arthritis since they possess both anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory properties".


Taken altogether, beta-Sitosterol found abundantly in Ethanolic extract of Lychnophora trichocarpha may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of beta-Sitosterol in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Pharmacological basis for use of Lychnophora trichocarpha in gouty arthritis: anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects of its extract, fraction and constituents by de Souza MR1, de Paula CA, Pereira de Resende ML, Grabe-Guimarães A, de Souza Filho JD, Saúde-Guimarães DA. (PubMed)