Broccoli Sprout May Cure Airway Inflammatory Diseases, Suggested By MEDLINE studies

Sulforaphane, the main chemical constituent of broccoli sprout may activate anti-inflammatory activity in the open upper airway for reduced risk of asthma and treatment of asthma complications, some scientists suggested.

The phytochemicals sulforaphane is a compound belonging to isothiocyanate group.

According to epidemiological studies, sulforaphane processed detoxification, anti diabetes, anticancer, anti-aging, neuroprotective properties.

These health benefits have also been proven by studies conducted by numbers of best-known institutes and published on online medical literature.

Readers can find some of the related studies by searching online with keywords such as sulforaphane and diabetes, sulforaphane and cancers, sulforaphane and heart diseases,.......

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the airway of the lung with recurring symptoms, such as wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

The disease affects people of all ages, and most starts during childhood.

According to the statistic from the American Academy of allergy asthma and immunology, in 2016, approximately 8.3% of children in the United States had asthma. The prevalent rate of boys was slightly higher compared to girls at 9.2% and 7.4%, respectively.

Cruciferous vegetables are the group of vegetable belongings to the family Brassicaceae, including cauliflower, cabbage, cress, bok choy, broccoli, etc.

Broccoli sprout is a three- to a four-day-old young plant of broccoli, belongings to a group of cruciferous vegetables and available in health food stores.


In a rare case, asthma may induce serious respiratory complications, such as pneumonia (infection of the lungs) and a collapse of part or all of the lung and respiratory failure.


According to the study from the UCLA team, in a total 65 participated volunteers, 3 days of oral administration of broccoli or preparations of sprout at 100 grams, significantly increased antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes produced by body tissue, in compared with the placebo group.

At maximum doses of 200 grams, broccoli sprout also induced a significant increase of detoxified(GSTP1) and antibody NQO1 enzymes.

Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) is a natural enzyme produced by the body of the host with function in inhibited toxicity caused by cisplatin, a chemo medicine for treatment of cancers.


NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1, an enzyme encoded by the NQO1 gene plays an important role in quinone detoxification. Where Quinone is considered as oxidized derivatives of aromatic compounds.

In support of the above, the study of antioxidant enzymes in the human upper airway found, broccoli sprout demonstrated the potential antioxidant effect to reduce the inflammation of oxidative stress in the induction of airway disease, such as asthma.

Oxidative stress is associated with overexpression of free radicals in compared to levels of antioxidants produced by the host body tissue.

Some researchers suggested that prolonged period of oxidative stress can lead to chronic inflammation in mediated most chronic diseases including pulmonary diseases, through activation of overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and a variety of transcription factors, including NF-κB, AP-1, p53,.....

Activation of pro-inflammation by immune cells, such as helper T cells (Th) and macrophages in protection of our body against infectious organisms in the acute phase of tissue damage or injury, may increase the risk of forming of scar tissue and have a deleterious effect on the host in the induction of numbers of syndromes and diseases, including hypotension, intravascular thrombosis, pulmonary edema, hemorrhage.....

Additionally, a randomized controlled trial in healthy young adults, also suggested that chemical compound isothiocyanates found in cruciferous vegetable, including broccoli sprout, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects through altered serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, C-reactive protein (CRP), and necrosis factor (TNF) α,, that involved in systemic inflammation.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and anti-inflammatory mytokines.

Altering serum concentrations may have a profound effect in reduced overexpression of pro-inflammatory levels produced by interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 8.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is produced by a variety of tissue and blood cells.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is produced by the liver, expression of CRP is considered as a blood test maker of increased inflammation in the body.

Further analysis, also showed that intake of cruciferous vegetables(broccoli sprouts) reduces the circulation of proinflammatory cytokines, namely IL-6 through inhibited the expression of abnormal function of gene Glutathione S-Transferase Theta 1(GSTT1) metabolism in lower the levels of glutathione, the antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties.


Dr. Navarro SL, the lead researchers said, " IL-6 concentrations were significantly lower on day 14 of (the double-dose cruciferous) (2xC) and (cruciferous plus apiaceous (carrot family) 1xC+A diets than with the basal diet,...respectively" and " Twenty-four-hour urinary isothiocyanate excretion was not associated with any of the inflammation markers overall; however, IL-6 was inversely associated with total isothiocyanate excretion in GSTM1(The antioxidant enzyme)".

Taking all together, intake of broccoli sprout daily and regularly is associated to increase circulation of Sulforaphane in the regulation of the overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase of detoxified enzymes permanently in ameliorated airway inflammation in the patient with airway inflammatory diseases.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Broccoli may help protect against respiratory conditions like asthma by Rachel Champeau | March 02, 2009
(2) Cruciferous vegetables have variable effects on biomarkers of systemic inflammation in a randomized controlled trial in healthy young adults by Navarro SL1, Schwarz Y2, Song X2, Wang CY2, Chen C2, Trudo SP3, Kristal AR2, Kratz M2, Eaton DL4, Lampe JW2. (PubMed)
(3) Oral sulforaphane increases Phase II antioxidant enzymes in the human upper airway by Riedl MA1, Saxon A, Diaz-Sanchez D.(PubMed)
(4) Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer: How are they linked? by Simone Reuter, Subash C. Gupta, Madan M. Chaturvedi, and Bharat B. Aggarwal(PMC)