Phytochemical Ruscogenin Isolated from Herbal Butcher's broom, the Potential Anti Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Remedy, Scientists Say

Scientists may have found a potential herbal medicine's ingredient for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammation with no side effects, some studies suggested.

Inflammation is a systematic immune response during the acute phase of infection.

Macrophages, one the lymphocytes and the first line defense of the immune system after sensing the damage of localized tissue, stimulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines to the site to protect the body against invasion of potential pathogens.

However, in some cases, overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines can cause the death of nearby healthy cells, leading to abnormal skin healing and formation of irreversible scars.

Chronic inflammation is a result of a prolonged period of inflammation that lasts for several months and even years caused by the inability of the immune system to kill off all harmful microorganisms during the acute phase of infection.

Chronic inflammation can also be caused by an autoimmune disorder in which immune system continuously attacks normal and healthy tissue, by mistaking them for the causable pathogens.




Low-grade inflammation is a different type of chronic inflammation characterized by a production of the inflammatory cytokines in a low-grade state.

Epidemiological studies, linking chronic inflammation to certain diseases such as heart disease or stroke, has been under investigation in many scientistic communities. However, as of today, scientists still do not know why people with the same health conditions and family history, some are susceptible to the onset of chronic inflammation while others do not.

If you experience some of the symptoms such as persistent body pain, fatigue, and insomnia. depression, anxiety and mood disorders, gastrointestinal complications and frequent infection. Please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility of certain diseases.

Butcher's broom is a low evergreen shrub, a species of Ruscus aculeatus, belonging to the family Asparagaceae, native to Eurasia.

The herb has been used in herbal medicine to treat reduce inflammation, Peripheral vascular disease, Hemorrhoids Bronchial asthma, Varicose veins, Hypotension, Jaundice, functional disorders of the heart, kidney disorder, venotonic and anti-oedematous properties, etc..

The chemical ingredients include rutin, sitosterol, sparteine, spirostanol saponins, steroidal sapogenins, sterols, stigmasterol, sulfated steroidal saponins, sweet broom, tetracosanoic acid, triterpenes, triterpenes, and tyramine.

In the study to reaffirm traditional Chinese medicine use of Butcher's broom for the treatment of -inflammation and thrombosis, researchers at the China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing launched an investigation to examine the anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic activities of Ruscogenin (RUS), isolated from Butcher's broom.


Application of ruscogenin demonstrated a remarkably inhibited adhesion of leukocytes to a human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (ECV304) damage by the proinflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in a concentration-dependent manner, in vitro.


On leukocyte migration and celiac prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) level induced by zymosan A in mice, injection of ruscogenin significantly suppressed zymosan A-evoked peritoneal total leukocyte migration in the initiation of inflammation, in mice in a dose-dependent manner, while the bioactive had no obvious effect on PGE(2) content in peritoneal exudate cells, participating in the forming of exudate during inflammation.


These results suggested that ruscogenin exerts a significant anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting TNF-alpha and suppressing NF-kappaB activation in the inflammatory response during bacterial infection.


On the development of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced inflammation of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). in rats, researchers found that
* Application of ruscogenin displays a strong effect on hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular inflammatory remodeling and preventing the development of PAH 3 weeks after injection of MCT.
* Ruscogenin inhibits the lung inflammation by reducing expression of inflammatory cytokine and immune leukocyte infiltration by limiting the action of nuclear factor (NF)-κB in the activation of the immune response.

Additionally, ruscogenin also restores the function of pulmonary arterioles and prevent the death of endothelial cell induced by the injection of MCT.

Taken altogether, herbal Butcher's broom processes high amounts of bioactive ingredient ruscogenin may be considered an adjunct therapy or combined with conventional medicine for treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, pending to the large example size and multi-center studies.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Possible mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of ruscogenin: role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB by Huang YL, Kou JP, Ma L, Song JX, Yu BY. (PubMed)
(2) Ruscogenin attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats by Bi LQ, Zhu R, Kong H, Wu SL, Li N, Zuo XR, Zhou SM, Kou JP, Yu BY, Wang H, Xie WP. (PubMed)