Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease correlated with major reductions of neurons to the respective target areas, named after German physician Alois Alzheimer.
Alzheimer's destroys brain cells, causing cognitive modalities severe enough to affect language communication, memory, lifelong hobbies or social life. Alzheimer's gets worse over time, and it is fatal.
According to statistic, over 25 million people in the world today are affected by dementia and most are suffering from Alzheimer's disease. In Canada, approximately, over half a million Canadians living with dementia accompanied by the 25,000 new cases diagnosed every year.
Believe or not, in 2016, dementia had cost Canada over $10 billion, including the health-care system and out-of-pocket caregiver costs.
Epidemiologically, cigarette smoking, midlife high blood pressure and obesity, diabetes, and cerebrovascular lesions and psychosocial factors (eg, high education, active social engagement, physical exercise, and mentally stimulating activity) are associated with prevalent risk of AD developing.
Some researchers in the evaluated the increased AD in the older adults in the Western world over the past few decades may be correlated to the promotion of the high-fat diet.
Dr. Peter Thériault, the lead researcher wrote, "WD promotes systemic inflammation by increasing the levels of blood-circulating monocytes and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production, which is accompanied by an augmentation of oxidized-low density lipoprotein levels in blood circulation".
And, "At the blood-brain barrier (BBB), WD potentiates the age-induced increase of Aβ 1-40 accumulation and exacerbates the oxidative stress, specifically in cerebral microvasculature. These effects were accompanied by the dysfunction of pericytes, thus altering BBB functionality without compromising its integrity".
In other words, if you are high-diet follow, you are at high risk of AD developing.
Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) has been used in traditional medicine as an inflammatory agent and to treat pains, strains, and muscle aches and pains and ease back pain and chronic joint pain, skin diseases, etc.
On finding a potential compound for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, researchers investigated the ability of bromelain, a plant cysteine protease derived from pineapple stems interaction with synthetic Aβ42 monomers and oligomers.
According to the tested assays, bromelain protected the neuron successfully by degrading Aβ42 monomers and low and high molecular weight oligomers.
Examined the effects of bromelain preparations of 3 and 6 mU added to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the levels of Aβ42 monomers and oligomers were significantly reduced, compared to that od the same standard Aβ42 preparations incubated in CSF without bromelain
Furthermore, the concentration of bromelain incubations with 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mU/ml were not toxic to the central nervous system.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "these results represent an important insight into the action of bromelain on Aβ42 oligomers, suggesting its potential use in the therapy of AD".
In order to know more information about bromelain anti-Alzheimer's disease activity, researchers examined a beta-degrading activity of diverse alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M)-proteinase including trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, and bromelain (125)I-A beta 1--42.
The complex showed a strong degradation of (125)I-A beta 1--42.
In Ex vivo, oral administration of high doses of proteinases displayed an enhanced degradation of (125)I-A beta 1--42 in the blood of volunteers.
In other words, the complexes exhibited a significant A beta catabolism, thus reducing the risk of developing AD by preventing A beta accumulation in brain and vasculature.
Taken altogether, bromelain used alone or combined with other herbal medicines may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of bromelain in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Bromelain Degrades Aβ1-42 Monomers and Soluble Aggregates: An In Vitro Study in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Alzheimer's Disease Patients by Sancesario GM1, Nuccetelli M2, Cerri A3, Zegeer J2, Severini C4, Ciotti MT5, Pieri M2, Martorana A3, Caltagirone C1,3, Nistico R5,6, Bernardini S. (PubMed)
(2) Alpha 2-macroglobulin-mediated degradation of amyloid beta 1--42: a mechanism to enhance amyloid beta catabolism by Lauer D1, Reichenbach A, Birkenmeier G. (PubMed)
(3) High fat diet exacerbates Alzheimer's disease-related pathology in APPswe/PS1 mice by Peter Thériault,1 Ayman ElAli,2 and Serge Rivest. (PMC)
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