Indicaxanthin, Might Protect the Skin Against Melanoma

The skin is the largest external organ that protects us against infection and physical trauma by guarding the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments, and internal organs.

Furthermore, the skin accompanied by liver and kidney detoxes toxins in the body
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer caused by the alternation of cell DNA in the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes. Most cases of melanomas are found in the skin.

According to the statistics, approximately 120,000 new cases of melanoma in the US are diagnosed in a year. The skin cancer tends to spread along the skin in most of the cases, but also can grow down to the deeper layers of the skin.

At the advanced stage, skin melanoma can also travel a distance aways to infect other healthy tissues through blood and fluid circulation.


Most common symptoms of melanoma skin cancer are
* Asymmetry
The mole on the skin is no longer symmetric as one half of the mole is different from the other half.

* Borders irregular
The border of the mole has become irregular, such as uneven or notched.

* Color
The color of the mole is different than other moles on the skin.

* Diameter
The mole is larger than other mole and evolved over time
Accompanied by pain, swelling, and bleeding in the affected skin

There are 3 main types of melanoma skin cancer, including
* Superficial spreading
This is the most common type of melanoma, accounting for over 70% of all cases. The cancer cell usually starts with a normal mole, but for whatever reason, it begins to change malignantly with irregular borders and color variations.

* Nodular type
This type of melanoma is more aggressive growth than superficial spreading and found most on the trunk, upper arms, and thighs. The nodular type of melanoma is usually detected as a lump with blue and black color.

* Acral melanoma
Acral melanoma is mostly founded on the hands, feet, and nail beds. The risk increases for people with darken-skin color.

* Lentigo malignant melanoma
Found mostly on the face of the elderly caused by great exposure to sunlight.

Indicaxanthin is phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belongings to the group of Betalains found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.

With an aim to find a potent ingredient for the treatment of cancer, researchers investigated the effects of Indicaxanthin, against human melanoma both in vitro and in vivo.

According to the tested analysis, the growth of A375 cells was inhibited by the injection of the phytochemical

Furthermore, Indicaxanthin also induced apoptosis and decreased the invasiveness of A375 cells.

In other words, indicaxanthin effectively inhibits the proliferation of highly metastatic and invasive and anti-apoptotic activity of the A375 cells.


In mice, induced melanoma, oral administration of Indicaxanthin also significantly reduced tumor development.

Additional differentiation of the anti-cancer activity of Indicaxanthin, researchers found that the efficacy of the bioactive compound was attributed to the inhibition of the NF-κB pathways associated with the antiproliferative effect of indicaxanthin.

Based on the results, researchers wrote, " indicaxanthin represents a novel phytochemical able to significantly inhibit human melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and to impair tumor progression in vivo".

Taken altogether, indicaxanthin may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of melanoma, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Indicaxanthin from Opuntia Ficus Indica (L. Mill) impairs melanoma cell proliferation, invasiveness, and tumor progression by Allegra M1, De Cicco P2, Ercolano G2, Attanzio A1, Busà R1, Cirino G2, Tesoriere L1, Livrea MA1, Ianaro A. (PubMed)
(2) Melanoma Skin Cancer (Malignant Melanoma) by Kyle J. Norton