Phytochemical Lycopene Protects the Prostate Gland Against Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is a medical and chronic condition caused the growth of the cells irregularly in the tissue of the prostate.

Prostate gland wrapped around the around a tube (the urethra), is a gland of the male reproductive system found in front of the rectum and just below the bladder with a function that produces some of the semen that carries sperm.

Most cases of prostate cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the prostate gland.


According to the statistic provided by the Canadian Cancer Society, prostate cancer is the third most common cancer among Canadian men and the 3rd leading cause of death from cancer in men in Canada.


In 2017, approximately 21,300 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer, accounting of 21% of all new cancer cases in men.

Furthermore, approximately 1 in 7 Canadian men will develop prostate cancer during his lifetime and 1 in 29 will die from it.

Most common symptoms of prostate cancer are
* Frequent urination
Patients urinate much time than usual for over periods of 1 year or 2, as a result of enlarged tumors that press against the bladder.

* Urgency
A desire to pass urinate more urgency as a result of the enlarged tumor pressing against the bladder.

* Dribbling after finished passing urine, urine continues to dribbles as a result of the enlarged prostate tumor.

* Hesitancy
Having to wait a long time for the urine stream to start as a result of cancer has narrowed the urethra.

* Blood in the urine
Prostate cancer may have damaged any part of the urinary tract.

* Painful urination and ejaculation
As cancer has grown large, it interferes with the function of the urethra

* Blood in the semen
As cancer has grown large enough to damage inside the walls of the urethra.

* Lower back pain
As a result of the enlarged prostate tumor has pressed on spinal nerves.

* New-onset erectile dysfunction (impotence)
Prostate cancer has interfered with blood vessels, responding to the erection.

If you have experienced some of the aforementioned symptoms persistently, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

The 5 years of prostate cancer diagnosed at the localized stage are 100%.

Lycopene is a phytochemical in the class of carotenoid, a natural pigment with no vitamin A activity found abundantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, and papayas,

Tomatoes provide about 80% of the lycopene in the world diet. In plants, lycopene protects the host against excessive photodamage and performs various functions in photosynthesis.

With an aim to find a potential and natural compound for the treatment of prostate cancer(PCa), researchers investigated the association between prostate cancer and lycopene.

According to 42 studies were included in the analysis including included 43 851 cases of PCa reported from 692 012 participants after searching the eligible studies published before 1 December 2016 and identified from PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library, both dietary intake and circulating concentrations of lycopene were significantly associated with reduced PCa risk.
Furthermore, lycopene showed a significant linearly dose-response in reduced risk of prostate cancer. In other words, for an additional 2 mg of lycopene consumed, the risk of prostate cancer is reduced by 1%.

Compared to dietary lycopene, an additional 10 μgdl-1 of circulating lycopene in the blood of the linear and nonlinear models decreased the PCa risk by 3.5 to 3.6%.

Observation of lycopene effect in advanced PCa, the secondary metabolite also demonstrated a trend for protection against PCa aggressiveness.

Based on the findings, researchers wrote," Our data demonstrate that higher dietary and circulating lycopene concentrations are inversely associated with PCa risk. This was accompanied by dose-response relationships for dietary and circulating lycopene".

According to another meta-analysis conducted by the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University in the searching, eligible studies published in English up to April 10, 2014, from Pubmed, ScienceDirect Online, Wiley online library databases, and hand searching,
* Higher lycopene consumption significantly lowered PCa risk.

* Higher lycopene consumption was linearly associated with a reduced risk of PCa and higher circulating lycopene levels significantly reduced the risk of PCa.

* However, the concentration of circulating lycopene between 2.17 and 85 μg/dL was linearly inversed with PCa risk compared to no linear association of any doses that are >85 μg/dL.


Collectively, researchers wrote, "our novel data demonstrated that higher lycopene consumption/circulating concentration is associated with a lower risk of PCa".

Taken altogether, lycopene may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, pending on the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake lycopene in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Increased dietary and circulating lycopene are associated with reduced prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Rowles JL 3rd1, Ranard KM1, Smith JW1, An R2, Erdman JW Jr. (PubMed)
(2) Lycopene and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Chen P1, Zhang W, Wang X, Zhao K, Negi DS, Zhuo L, Qi M, Wang X, Zhang X. (PubMed)