In some cases, this reaction also is caused the long-term accumulation of toxic substances in the body, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic.
There is no single cause of oxidative stress. Some researchers suggested that a number of factors can facilitate the onset of oxidative stress, including cigarette smoke, oxidative burst from activated macrophages, particularly, the free radicals chain reaction.
Sadly, a prolonged period of oxidative stress presented in the human body can cause oxidative damage to biomolecules, (lipids, proteins, DNA) and the death of healthy cells through cytotoxicity.
Long-term oxidative stress presented in the body can cause protein and lipid damage and alternation of cell DNA, leading to the onset of chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetics, rheumatoid arthritis, post-ischemic perfusion injury, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammation, and stroke.
More precisely, exogenous factors, such as cigarette smoke, and endogenous factors, such as the oxidative burst from activated macrophages are some of the factors involved in the risk of oxidative stress.
The Liver Pathophysiology, 2017 in the explanation of the cause of oxidative stress, wrote, " (1) the presence of xenobiotics, (2) the activation of the immune system in response to invading microorganisms (inflammation), and (3) radiation, which makes oxidative stress a common denominator of toxicity or stress".
In other words, oxidative stress may be preventable by following a diet rich in antioxidants such as a diet with higher fruits and vegetable consumption accompanied by moderate exercise and reducing intake of saturated and trans fat and processed foods.
On finding a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, scientists examined the potential protective effects of a commercial eye drop (Dacriovis™) containing Matricaria chamomilla and Euphrasia officinalis extracts on human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC-12).
Eyebright is one of the species of flowering plants, genus Euphrasia, belonging to the family Orobanchaceae, native to Europe.
The plant has been used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat eye infections and to relieve inflammation caused by colds, coughs, sinus infections, sore throats, and hay fever.
According to the tested analysis of human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC-12) exposed to UVB radiation followed by the treatment of the eye drops at a various concentration to induce oxidative stress,* The eye drops were able to protect corneal epithelial cells from UVB-induced cell death and ameliorated the wound healing; the eye drops exhibited a strong antioxidant activity.
* The eye drops exerted a strong antioxidant activity by decreasing ROS levels and protein and lipid oxidative damage.
* The eye drops also exerted anti-inflammatory activities by decreasing COX-2, IL-1β, iNOS expression that promote inflammation and counteracted UVB-induced GSS and SOD-2 expression induce oxidative stress and restored HO-1 expression to control levels.
Based on the results, researchers suggest, "...an eye drop containing Matricaria chamomilla and Euphrasia officinalis extracts exerts positive effects against UVB induced oxidative stress and inflammation and may be useful in protecting corneal epithelial cells from UVB exposure".
Taken altogether, Eyebright (Euphrasia) may be considered a remedy for the treatment of diseases involving oxidative stress, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Pharmacological activities of an eye drop containing Matricaria chamomilla and Euphrasia officinalis extracts in UVB-induced oxidative stress and inflammation of human corneal cells by Bigagli E1, Cinci L1, D'Ambrosio M1, Luceri C2. (PubMed)
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