The Fabulous and Tasty Smoothie of Blueberry and Cooked Tomato for Reduced Risk and Treatment of Oxidative stress

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, and Master of nutrients) All right reserved

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

The smoothie for Reduced Risk and treatment of Oxidative stress

Yield: 2 serving (about 8 ounce each)
1 cup blueberry
1/2 cup cooked tomato
1 cup rice milk

1. Place the all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed. Add more green tea drink if needed
3. Serve immediately


The dream of finding the natural ingredient for prevention and treatment of oxidative stress without adverse effects in replacement of conventional medicine has not been abated. Some ingredients have to discard due to it can achieve the same potent results in human trials.
In fact, oxidative stress is considered as one of most common factor for the development of several chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxidants, found mostly in fruits and vegetables play an important role in inhibition of the reactive oxygen species ROS through its function as a molecule that inhibits the oxidation of other molecules.

Recent studies suggested that blue berry(1), tomato(5) may consist a therapeutic value for reduced risk and treatment of oxidative stress in induction of diseases and syndromes.

Blueberry is a flower plant, belongings to the family Eriaceae and native to Northern America. The edible fruit has now been cultivated all over the world in suitable climate for commercial profits due to recent discovery of its health benefits, particular in oxidative stress effect.According to the joint study lead by the Istanbul University, Blueberries (BB) containing high antioxidant capacity, exhibited dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in decreased the expression of oxidative stress causes of hepatic cirrhosis and preneoplastic lesions(1).

Other study in the evaluation of its antioxidants known as anthocyanins expressed the possible effect of blueberry in attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, through activation of immune natural killer cell count in 6 weeks of administration(2).


The joint study by China Agricultural University, in support of the effects of anthocyanins against oxidative stress suggested that the antioxidant inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and prevented the successive events associated with the mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, including recovered activities of electron transport chain, through intervention of Acrylamide (AA) toxicity incuded by heat(3). Furthermore, daily intake of blueberry (BB) supplementations also found to decrease oxidative stress signalling, increase neurogenesis, and increase signals involved in learning and memory through increased hippocampal neurogenesis related brain function and expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 in enhanced immunity(4).

Tomato is a red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belongs to family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of its health benefits, tomato is grown world wide for commercial purpose
and often in green house.

In Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells, lycopene found in cooked tomato significantly increased manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) expression and decreased cellular ROS levels via the PI3K-Akt pathway in regulating cell cycle(5).

Dr. Lei X and colleagues in the joint study of a total of total of 60 male C57BL/6 mice, lead by the Shanxi Medical University, indicated that lycopene exhibited anti oxidative stress through improved the neurological score and attenuated neuronal apoptosis in the BCCAO mice in activation of metabolic and anti-oxidant defenses(6).

In acute cholestasis, the phytochemical also expressed the hepato protective role in diseases related to oxidative stress through inhibition of pathogenesis of cholestasis(7).

Dr Kim M and Dr., Kim H at the Yonsei University, in the investigation of gastric carcinogenesis said:" Risk factors of gastric carcinogenesis include oxidative stress,..... " and " lycopene, one of the naturally occurring carotenoids, has unique structural and chemical features that contributes to a potent antioxidant activity(8).


Taking altogether, Smoothie of Blueberry and Cooked Tomato may be effective for reduced risk of and treatment of oxidative stress and its complications. People with high risk of oxidative stress, such as smoking,... should drink the smoothie at least one daily and people with oxidative stress induced chronic illness should drink as much as they can, depending to the digestive toleration.

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References
(1) Blueberry treatment attenuated cirrhotic and preneoplastic lesions and oxidative stress in the liver of diethylnitrosamine-treated rats by Bingül İ1, Başaran-Küçükgergin C1, Aydın AF1, Soluk-Tekkeşin M2, Olgaç V2, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S1, Uysal M3.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of blueberry ingestion on natural killer cell counts, oxidative stress, and inflammation prior to and after 2.5 h of running by McAnulty LS1, Nieman DC, Dumke CL, Shooter LA, Henson DA, Utter AC, Milne G, McAnulty SR.(PubMed)
(3) The chemoprotection of a blueberry anthocyanin extract against the acrylamide-induced oxidative stress in mitochondria: unequivocal evidence in mice liver by Zhao M1, Wang P, Zhu Y, Liu X, Hu X, Chen F.(PubMed)
(4) The beneficial effects of berries on cognition, motor behaviour and neuronal function in ageing by Shukitt-Hale B1, Bielinski DF1, Lau FC1, Willis LM1, Carey AN1, Joseph JA1.(PubMed)
(5) Pretreatment with Lycopene Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Kim JY1, Lee JS2, Han YS3, Lee JH1, Bae I2, Yoon YM3, Kwon SM1, Lee SH4.(PubMed)
(6) Neuroprotective effects of lycopene pretreatment on transient global cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion in rats: The role of the Nrf2/HO‑1 signaling pathway by Lei X1, Lei L2, Zhang Z1, Cheng Y1.(PubMed)
(7) Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of lycopene in acute cholestasis by Tokaç M, Aydin S, Taner G, Özkardeş AB, Yavuz Taşlipinar M, Doğan M, Dündar HZ, Kiliç M, Başaran AA, Başaran AN.(PubMed)
(8) Anticancer Effect of Lycopene in Gastric Carcinogenesis by Kim MJ1, Kim H1.(PubMed)