The Magnificent Smoothie for Protection and Treatment against Memory and Learning Deficit

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


The smoothie for reduced risk and treatment of Memory and Learning Deficit
Yield: 2 serving (about 8 ounce each)
1 1/2 cups blue berry
1/2 cup green tea drink (Make from 2 grams of green tea, a slice of ginger and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and let cool to room temperature)
1/2 cup Ginseng drink, (Make from 1 gram of dried root, soaped into a cup of hot water for 5 minutes, and set aside for cooling to room temperature)


1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed. Add more green tea drink if needed
3. Serve immediately

The finding the natural ingredients for improvement of memory and learning ability is considered as a dream of many scientist. Unfortunately, many compounds found effective in initial studying failed to confirm the potential in large sample size and multi center. Some even produce conflicted results in second and further studies.
Memory and Learning ability has been one cognitive degenerative worriness of patient with dementia, due to its progression and increased proportion with aging.
Green tea(1), Ginseng(5) and blueberry(9) may be next generation pharmaceutical agent used for enhancing the Memory and Learning ability, probably due to their phytochemicals in attenuated the cognitive dysfunction induced memory and learning loss.

Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Epidemiologically, green tea antioxidant such as polyphenols, is considered as protective agents in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD)(1).

In Learning and Memory Deficits in Ischemic Rats, the phytochemical also improved learning and memory deficits in a cerebral ischemia animal model, through inhibition of free radicals in reactive oxygen species(2).
In fact, chronic administration of green tea epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), ameliorated learning and memory deficits in STZ-diabetic rats through attenuation of oxidative stress in dose-dependent-manner and in modulation of NO(3).
Dr. Li Q and the research team at the Peking University said," long-term green tea catechin administration prevents spatial learning and memory impairment" in animal model " by decreasing Abeta(1-42) oligomers and proteins in hippocampus "(4).

Ginseng is a slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, the genus Panax, belonging to the family Araliaceae. Depending to the climate where it grows, ginseng can be classified mainly into Panax ginseng Asian ginseng (root), Red ginseng, wild ginseng, American ginseng (root).

Ginsenoside, the main constituent of ginseng, consisting the neuro protective effect, epidemiologically, showed to prevent memory loss in animal model after 8 months of administration(5), through effective of its antioxidant property.
Dr. Petkov V and , Mosharrof AH said," Standardized ginseng extract, in dose depend manner, improved learning and memory.....( as well as) greatly increased the locomotor activity of mice"(6).

According to the joint study lead by Zhejiang University, ginseng reduced the loss and injury of neurons, prevented the early onset of various neurodegenerative diseases, and attenuated impairment of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory,... through antioxidant effect of its Ginseng Rb fraction(8).

Furthermore, in basic and clinical trials, ginseng not only ameliorated on learning and memory deficits due to hippocampal lesions and aging but also enhanced the central nervous system function and hippocampal formation(7).

Blueberry is a flower plant, belong to the family Eriaceae and native to Northern America. Its flavonoid, has exhibited the significant reversal of age-related deficits on spatial memory and learning, through its interaction of signalling pathways, transcription factors and gene and/or protein expression(9).
Polyphenol-rich wild blueberry extract, in adult, male, 3-4-month-old Balb-c mice, improved learning and memory function through expression of brain antioxidant properties and inhibition of AChE activity(10).
Dr. Spencer JP at the University of Reading said," ..., a group of plant-derived compounds known as flavonoids may exert particularly powerful actions on mammalian cognition and may reverse age-related declines in memory and learning" and " possess the greatest potential to act on the cognitive processes"(11), probably due to its effect in activating signalling pathways, reducing neuroinflammation and inducing vascular effects potentially capable of causing new nerve cell growth in the hippocampus(12).

The finding of the effectiveness of Green Tea, Ginseng and Blueberry may serve as cornerstones of pharmaceutical target for further studies to establish a potential medication for treatment of Memory and Learning deficits in patient with Neuro deficit disease.

People who are at high risk of Memory and Learning deficit due to aging, genetic mutation genes such as amyloid precursor protein (APP),.....should drink at least one serving daily and people with Memory and Learning ability should drink the juices no more than 4 servings a day, depending to digestive toleration.
Change of life style and diet pattern are also recommended.


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References
(1) Green tea polyphenols protect against okadaic acid-induced acute learning and memory impairments in rats by Li H1, Wu X1, Wu Q1, Gong D1, Shi M1, Guan L1, Zhang J1, Liu J1, Yuan B1, Han G2, Zou Y3.(PubMed)
(2) Green Tea Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Deficits in Ischemic Rats via Its Active Component Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-gallate by Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation by Wu KJ1, Hsieh MT, Wu CR, Wood WG, Chen YF.(PubMed)
(3) Chronic epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates learning and memory deficits in diabetic rats via modulation of nitric oxide and oxidative stress by Baluchnejadmojarad T1, Roghani M.(PubMed)
(4) Long-term green tea catechin administration prevents spatial learning and memory impairment in senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 mice by decreasing Abeta1-42 oligomers and upregulating synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the hippocampus by Li Q1, Zhao HF, Zhang ZF, Liu ZG, Pei XR, Wang JB, Li Y.(PubMed)
(5) Long-term ginsenoside consumption prevents memory loss in aged SAMP8 mice by decreasing oxidative stress and up-regulating the plasticity-related proteins in hippocampus by Zhao H1, Li Q, Zhang Z, Pei X, Wang J, Li Y.(PubMed)
(6) Effects of standardized ginseng extract on learning, memory and physical capabilities by Petkov VD1, Mosharrof AH.(PubMed)
(7) Proof of the mysterious efficacy of ginseng: basic and clinical trials: effects of red ginseng on learning andmemory deficits in an animal model of amnesia by Nishijo H1, Uwano T, Zhong YM, Ono T.(PubMed)
(8) Ginseng Rb fraction protects glia, neurons and cognitive function in a rat model of neurodegeneration by Xu K1, Zhang Y2, Wang Y1, Ling P2, Xie X1, Jiang C1, Zhang Z3, Lian XY1.(PubMed)
(9) Flavonoids as modulators of memory and learning: molecular interactions resulting in behavioural effects by Rendeiro C1, Guerreiro JD, Williams CM, Spencer JP.(PubMed)
(10) Effect of a polyphenol-rich wild blueberry extract on cognitive performance of mice, brain antioxidant markers and acetylcholinesterase activity by Papandreou MA1, Dimakopoulou A, Linardaki ZI, Cordopatis P, Klimis-Zacas D, Margarity M, Lamari FN.(PubMed)
(11) The impact of fruit flavonoids on memory and cognition by Spencer JP1.(PubMed)
(12) Effect of flavonoids on learning, memory and neurocognitive performance: relevance and potential implications for Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology by Vauzour D1.(PubMed)