White Button Mushroom, The Potential Ovarian Cancer Preventive Functional Food

White button mushroom may be next generation target of pharmaceutical extraction of single-ingredient medicine for treatment of ovarian cancer, some scientists suggested.

Ovarian cancer is a chronic and medical condition characterized cell growth regularly and disorderly in the ovary. Normally, the alternated DNA healthy cancer cells start on the surface of the ovary. In the advanced stage, the cancerous cell can travel a distance away from the originated site to infect other healthy tissue and organs.

Depending on where the healthy cells were infected, ovarian cancer can be classified as
* Epithelial ovarian tumor also known as a surface epithelial-stromal tumor, as the name, it is a result of the cells on the surface of the ovary have become cancerous. The epithelial ovarian tumor is the most common form of ovarian cancer accounted for over 90% of ovarian cancer of all cases, including serious tumor, endometrioid tumor, and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma.

* Germ cell ovarian tumor is a censer of the egg-producing cells within the ovary and can be cancerous or non-cancerous tumors. It tends to occur in children and teens as a result of birth defects resulting from errors during development of the embryo.

* Sex cord-stromal ovarian tumor is a cancer of the tissue of the ovary accounted for 8% of ovarian cancers. The excess estrogen produced by sex cord-stromal ovarian tumor can lead to certain symptoms, such as adult granulosa cell tumors and thecomas, postmenopausal bleeding, menorrhagia, amenorrhea,.... and, endometrial hyperplasia. Cancer tends to develop in older age group.

According to the statistic produced by the American Cancer Society, ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cancer which causes deaths among women. The cancer is found to account for more deaths than any other female reproductive cancer.

The average risk of a woman of getting ovarian cancer during her lifetime is about 1 in 78.

Ovarian cancer in early stage does not cause any symptoms, however, if you experience frequent and persistent symptoms of stomach and digestive issues, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility. Ovarian cancer detected early is associated to significantly increased survival rate.

Mushroom is a standard name of white button mushroom, the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus produced above ground on soil or on its food source, belongings to the family Amanitaceae

It has been cultivated in many cultures all over the world for foods and health benefits.

Chemical constituents
Astraodorol, Psilocybin, Lectin, adustin, ribonuclease, nicotine, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methylbenzoic acid, orsellinic acid, melleolide, ergosterol, genistein, daidzein, daucosterol, genistin, uracil and D-mannitol(a).

In a hospital-based case-control study undertaken in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, from 2006 to 2008. including 500 patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer and 500 controls, with a mean (SD) age of 59 (6) years, after examining the returned questionnaire reported by participants researchers found that

* Patients with ovarian cancer consumed less mushrooms (mean [SD], 28.48 [37.45] g/d) in compared to controls (mean [SD], 30.75 [41.85] g/d).




* high levels intake of the common white button mushroom are associated with reduced risk of ovarian cancer by 68%.

* Risk of ovarian cancer is reduced substantially for women who consume more than 2 g per day in compared to those who consume less.

* High levels of mushroom intake also decrease the risk of others serious and mucinous subtypes of epithelial ovarian tumors.

These results provide strong evidence to suggest that intake of mushrooms, particularly white button mushroom in an amount higher to 2 g per day, is inversely associated with the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer in southern Chinese women.


Dr. Xu T in the differentiation of prevention and treatment of various type of mushroom cancer said, ".... the potential cancer preventive effects of edible mushrooms have been less well-studied. With similar content of putative effective anticancer compounds such as polysaccharides, proteoglycans, steroids, etc., one might predict that edible mushrooms would also demonstrate anticancer and cancer preventive activity".


However, some researchers in concerns of mushroom collected from wild, that their co-occurrence with some hazardous elements including Cd, Pb, Hg, Ag, As, and radionuclides may cause more harm than good.


The findings indicated that white button mushroom may be used as a functional food for the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer. Please make sure that you know what you are doing if you try to pick and consume wild mushroom.



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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.



References
(1) [Chemical constituents from fungus Armillaria mellea]. by [Article in Chinese] by Yuan XL1, Yan LH, Zhang QW, Wang ZM.(PubMed)
(2) The cancer preventive effects of edible mushrooms by Xu T1, Beelman RB, Lambert JD.(PubMed)
(3) Mushroom intake and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in southern Chinese women by Lee AH1, Pasalich M, Su D, Tang L, Tran VD, Binns CW.(PubMed)
(4) Macro and trace mineral constituents and radionuclides in mushrooms: health benefits and risks. by Falandysz J1, Borovička J.(PubMed)