Broccoli's Sulforaphane (SFN) Protects Diabetics Against the Onset of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through Nrf2

Diabetes is a chronic condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose.

In other words, diabetes occurs when cells in the pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

Most common types of diabetes are
* Type 1 diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, the most common form diabetes found in children is a condition in which the pancreas does not produce any insulin. The most common form of type 1 diabetes is caused by genetic mutation and some viruses.

As of today, there is no cure for type 1 diabetes. Treatment is focusing on managing blood sugar levels with insulin injection, diet, and lifestyle change.

* Type 2 diabetes is a medical condition characterized by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose due to either cell
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a complication found in patients with diabetes associated with reducing the heart function in circulating blood through the body, leading to heart failure and increased the accumulation of fluid in the lungs.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is classified into different types, depending on the damage that has been affected, including
* Microangiopathy is a disorder that affects small blood vessels, leading to impaired myocardial blood flow reserve.

* Autonomic neuropathy is a disorder that affects the nerves that manage everyday body functions, leading to abnormal blood pressure, heart rate.

* Endothelial dysfunction is a disorder associated with the damage of vascular endothelium. The condition is considered an early event of cardiovascular disease.

The most common causes of diabetic cardiomyopathy are myocardial dysfunction in the absence of overt clinical coronary artery disease, valvular disease, and other conventional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia.

Broccoli is a mustard/cabbage plant, belongings to the family Brassicaceae. The veggie has large flower heads, usually green in color with a mass of flower heads surrounded by leaves and evolved from a wild cabbage plant from the continent of Europe.

With an aim to find a natural food for the prevention and treatment of heart diseases, researchers examined the effect of sulforaphane, an active compound and an Nrf2 activator found in broccoli on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), male db/db and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice.

According to the experimental results from the analysis of broccoli sprout extract (BSE) by gavage every other day for 3 months, with four groups: vehicle (0.1 ml/10 g), BSE-low dose (estimated SFN availability at 0.5 mg/kg), BSE-high dose (estimated SFN availability at 1.0 mg/kg), and SFN (0.5 mg/kg),

* BSE, like SFN, showed a significant up-regulation of the Nrf2 transcriptional activity involved in the enhancing antioxidant enzymes observed by the increased Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and gene expression.

* The increased levels of antioxidant enzymes exerted a strong effect on the prevention of cardiac oxidative damage and inflammation.

* Additionally, the BSE at high dose provided a similar effect as did SFN.

Based on the results, researchers wrote, " BSE at high dose prevents DCM in a manner congruent with SFN treatment. Therefore, it suggests that BSE could potentially be used as a natural and safe treatment against DCM via Nrf2 activation".

Taken altogether, broccoli sprouts processed abundantly SFN may be considered supplements for the prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of SFN in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Broccoli sprout extract prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy via Nrf2 activation in db/db T2DM mice by Xu Z1,2, Wang S1,2, Ji H1, Zhang Z1, Chen J2, Tan Y2,3, Wintergerst K3,4, Zheng Y1, Sun J1, Cai L. (PubMed)