Herbal Elder (Sambucus) Processes Anti Leishmaniasis Herbal Remedy

A parasite lived on or in a host is an organism that gets its food at the expense of the host. Parasites are also completely dependent on the host for survivors, including lice, ringworms, pinworms, and scabies.

Believe it or not, over 70 percent of parasites are not visible to the human eye, such as the malarial parasite, However, some parasites such as worms can reach many meters in length.

The most common parasites can be classified into 3 main types

* Protozoa also known as single-celled eukaryotes in the formal term, is an organism that only can multiply, or divide, within the host but also often forms group into plant-like algae and fungus-like water molds and slime molds.

* Helminths are types of worm parasites including roundworm, pinworm, trichina spiralis, tapeworm, and fluke.

* Ectoparasites are parasites that can live outside the host such as lice and fleas.

Parasite infection can cause varying symptoms, depending on the severity and types of parasite. The most common symptoms are skin bumps or rashes, weight loss, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting, aches and pains, fatigue and tiredness, and general feeling unwell.

Conventionally, treatments are total depending on the types of parasitic infection, For example, medicine such as praziquantel (Biltricide) can cause the tapeworms to detach from the gut, become dissolved, and then pass out of the body.

Treatments are effective in most cases if the parasite is identified.

Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite (genus Leishmania) associated with a bit of a female phlebotomine sandfly.

On finding a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases, scientists compared the effect of different concentrations of the extract on Sambucus ebulus leaf and fruit extracts on Leishmania major in vitro.

Elder or Common Elder, is a shrub or small tree of the genus Sambucus of 30 species, belonging to the family Adoxaceae, native to the temperate-to-subtropical regions of both the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.


The herb has been used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat constipation, colic, diarrhea, colds, flu, bronchial and upper-respiratory, irritation of the skin, rheumatism, etc.

According to tested analysis, the most effective of IC50 concentration of leaf and fruit extracts that inhibit the tested parasite were 157 μg/ml and 265 μg/ml, respectively.

Furthermore, the leaf and fruit extracts also showed apoptotic effects at the same IC concentration

Moreover, both leaf and fruit extracts also caused the death of 40.2 and 2.67 percent respectively in the tested parasite.

However, in the comparison tests, researchers suggest, "the S. ebulus leaf extract has a more toxic effect on promastigotes and amastigotes than its fruit extract and maybe in the future that be used as a drug candidate".


Taken altogether, herbal Elder may be considered a remedy for the treatment of parasitic infection, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Comparison the effects of Sambucus ebulus leaf and fruit extracts on Leishmania major in-vitro by Kadkhodamasoum S1, Bineshian F2, KarimiPour A1, Tavakoli P1, Foroutan M3, Ghaffarifar F1, Molaei S. (PubMed)