Herbal Enchinanea Inhibits the Pathogenic E. Coli Infection

Bacterias are a class of microorganisms consisted of a single cell with a simple internal structure with a number of different shapes.


Not all bacterias are harmful to humans. Some are essential to human life, with benefits related to improve the digestive function, prevent overexpression of harmful disease-causing bacteria, and the synthesis of essential nutrients and vitamins.

Believe it or not, the human gut contains over 10 trillions of bacterias including at least 1000 different species of known bacteria with more than 3 million genes.

In a healthy individual, the levels of microorganisms in the gut are balanced.

The gut microbiota plays a critical role in breaking down foods that stomach and small intestines cannot digest, stimulating the production of vitamin K and D, protecting the intestinal against damage caused by bad bacteria and increasing the immune functioning.

Infectious diseases are a medical condition caused by pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi.

Most cases of infectious diseases are contagious by spreading directly or indirectly, from one person to another.

In other words, if you kiss, or are coughed or sneezed on by an infectious person, you are at risk of developing the same infectious disease.

According to the statistic provided by the World Health Organization, 3 infectious diseases were ranked in the top ten causes of death worldwide in 2016.

More precisely, lower respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, and tuberculosis induced 3.0 million, 1.4 million, and 1.3 million deaths, respectively.

The most common diseases associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli are cholecystitis, bacteremia, cholangitis, urinary tract infection (UTI), and traveler's diarrhea.

Conventionally, most cases of infectious diseases except those caused by viruses are treated by antibiotics.

Echinacea also is known as purple coneflowers, is a flowering plant of the genus Echinacea, belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to eastern and central North America. The herb has been used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat or prevent colds, flu, infections by stimulating the immune function, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of infectious diseases, researchers examined the impact of dietary supplementation with Echinacea purpurea (EP) in broiler chickens infected by pathogenic E. coli.

The study included eighty-one-day-old chicks of both sexes, commercial Hubbard chicks, that were divided into 4 groups.
* The first was kept as normal control.
* The second was supplemented by EP (5 mg/kg feed) from the first day to the end.

* The third was infected orally by 1 ml E. coli O78 at 107 CFU intra-crop at 7 days old.

* The fourth group was supplemented by EP and infected by the E. coli O78 as previously described.

According to the analysis.
* Compared to E. coli-infected chicks that disclosed severe symptoms with mortality 30%, the infected and EP supplemented group showed less clinical symptoms and 15% mortality.
* EP-supplemented groups showed a significant improvement in their body weight compared to the infected group.

* More importantly, E. coli-infected chickens revealed a significant drop in lymphocytes' number with a significant elevation in monocyte and heterophils with non-significant changes in total leucocyte count when matched with group, while the fourth group revealed non-significant changes in total leucocyte with a significant drop in heterophils and monocyte and a significant elevation in the lymphocytes matching with the 3rd group.

* Furthermore, serum biochemical markers of the liver, kidneys, and immunological parameters showed severe adverse alterations associated with E. coli infection.

After talking about other factors into account, researchers said, "Dietary supplementations with Echinacea purpurea improve the final body weight and immune response of non-infected chicks and have a respectable effect for facing E. coli infection".
And "EP improves hematological and serum biochemical adverse effects occurred by E. coli infection. Histopathology of liver, kidneys, intestines, and spleen confirms these alterations".

Taken altogether, herbal Enchinanea may be considered adjunct therapies in the treatment of infectious diseases induced by E. coli, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Impact of dietary supplementation with Echinacea purpurea on growth performance, immunological, biochemical, and pathological finding in broiler chickens infected by pathogenic E. coli by Hashem MA1, Neamat-Allah ANF2, Hammza HEE3, Abou-Elnaga HM. (PubMed)