All About Vitamins: Vitamin A Deficiency in Increased Risk of Esophageal Cancer

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Vitamin A, a bi-polar molecule formed by bonds between carbon and hydrogen, is a fat soluble vitamin which can not be stored in the liver but it can be converted from beta-carotene, a powerful antioxidant. The vitamin is best known fir its strong effects in improving vision and enhancing bone growth.

Espophagus or gullet, an organ in vertebrates, is the tube that lead foods from the pharynx to the stomach. Esophageal cancer is not very uncommon and caused by malignant of the esophagus due to abnormal cell growth as a result of the DNA alternation of the cells that line the upper part of the esophagus or glandular cells that are present at the lower part of the esophagus that connected with the stomach.
The esophageal cancer tend to spread if it left untreated and starts from the lining of esophagus, then later penetrate in the the wall of the esophagus and spread to the lymph node around the bottom of the esophagus, stomach and the chest, then to the distant parts of the body.

In a study of food intake data collected from 30,463 healthy participants in the Golestan Cohort Study, severe deficiency in vitamin A intake may associate to increased risk Esophageal Cancer.

Rural women are found to have a very low level of vitamin intake in the third world countries, including vitamin A of that may contribute to the observed epidemiological pattern of EC, according to the Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

In fact, the mean values of the vitamin A and the beta-carotene in the blood serum of patients with oesophageal cancer are lower than that in patients with nonmalignant oesophagus diseases of that may induce the abnormalities of basal cells and increased production of keratohyalin granules, changes, suggesting a disorder in the epithelial differentiation with high risk of EC.

Dr. Nicol M the lead author said, "A state of pure vitamin A deficiency, without any clinical manifestations, rapidly induces a stimulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and some oesophageal mucosal abnormalities" and ". The association of retinoïc acid + retinol, as does retinol alone, prevents simultaneously histological lesions and enzymatic induction".

Administrated high dose of Vitamin A should be taken with care in prevention of toxicity.

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Sources
(1) Vitamin deficiency in Golestan Province, northern Iran: a high-risk area for esophageal cancer. by Malekshah AF1, Kimiagar M, Pourshams A, Yazdani J, Kaiedi Majd S, Goglani G, Jaafari E, Semnani S, Malekzadeh R.(PubMed)
(2) Patterns of food and nutrient consumption in northern Iran, a high-risk area for esophageal cancer.by Islami F1, Malekshah AF, Kimiagar M, Pourshams A, Wakefield J, Goglani G, Rakhshani N, Nasrollahzadeh D, Salahi R, Semnani S, Saadatian-Elahi M, Abnet CC, Kamangar F, Dawsey SM, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Malekzadeh R.(PubMed)
(3) [Vitamins A and E and vitamin A-binding proteins in the blood serum of patients with esophageal cancer].[Article in Polish] by Jendryczko A, Drózdz M, Pardela M, Kozłowski A, Drózdz M.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of ethanol and vitamin A deficiency on epithelial cell proliferation and structure in the rat esophagus by Mak KM, Leo MA, Lieber CS.(PubMed)
(5) [Vitamin A status and the carcinogenic action of N-nitrosobenzyl methylamine on the esophagus in the rat].[Article in French] by Nicol M, Daliam A, Cottencin M, Ramée MP, Savouré N.(PubMed)