Turmeric's Bioactive Compound Curcumin Protects Diabetics Against Diabetic cardiomyopathy

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a complication found in patients with diabetes associated with reducing the heart function in circulating blood through the body, leading to heart failure and increased the accumulation of fluid in the lungs.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is classified into different types, depending on the damage that has been affected, including
* Microangiopathy is a disorder that affects small blood vessels, leading to impaired myocardial blood flow reserve.

* Autonomic neuropathy is a disorder that affects the nerves that manage everyday body functions, leading to abnormal blood pressure, heart rate.

* Endothelial dysfunction is a disorder associated with the damage of vascular endothelium. The condition is considered an early event of cardiovascular disease.

Most common causes of diabetic cardiomyopathy are myocardial dysfunction in the absence of overt clinical coronary artery disease, valvular disease, and other conventional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia.

At the early stage, most patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy are asymptomatic. However, mild left ventricular diastolic dysfunction with little effect on ventricular filling and concomitant hypertension or coronary artery disease has been found to be the early indication of diabetic cardiomyopathy in patients with diabetes.

Epidemiologically, the most common risk factors that increase the risk of diabetic cardiomyopathy. are insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia.

Conventionally, as of today, there is no effective treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Medication used for the treatment of the condition is focusing on glycemic control and management of heart failure symptoms.

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.
In the urgency to find a potential ingredient for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM), researchers examined the effect of curcumin on modulating DCM and the mechanisms involved.

The study included an experimental diabetic rat model induced by a low dose of streptozotocin(STZ) combined with high energy intake on rats, followed by curcumin orally administrated at a dose of 100 or 200 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1), respectively.

Before the treatment of curcumin, induced DCM rats showed a declined systolic myocardial performance associated with myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis accompanied by the metabolism abnormalities, aberrant myocardial enzymes, and increased AGEs (advanced glycation end-products) accumulation.

Increased levels of ROS and depletion of antioxidant enzymes were also found in the rat before pretreatment with curcumin, observed by increased oxidative stress markers.

Futhermore, levels of pro-apoptotic proteins and proinflammatory cytokines were also found to significantly increase in DCM rats.

After the injection of curcumin, researchers found that remarkably, the bioactive compound attenuated myocardial dysfunction, cardiac fibrosis, AGEs accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the heart of diabetic rats.

In other words, curcumin protected the heart of DCM rats against the onset of diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM).

Based on the results, researchers said, "these results suggest that curcumin may have great therapeutic potential in the treatment of DCM, and perhaps other cardiovascular disorders, by attenuating fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death".

Taken altogether, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Curcumin, A Polyphenolic Curcuminoid With Its Protective Effects and Molecular Mechanisms in Diabetes and Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Zheng J1, Cheng J2, Zheng S3, Feng Q3, Xiao X. (PubMed)
(2) Curcumin alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy in experimental diabetic rats by Yu W1, Wu J, Cai F, Xiang J, Zha W, Fan D, Guo S, Ming Z, Liu C. (PubMed)