Indicaxanthin Inhibits the Gene Associated with Colon Cancer Developing

The colon formed part of the digestive system, is the 2nd part of intestines found in the large bowel consisting of the colon and rectum. The colon plays a critical role to absorb water from the small bowel contents and breaks down certain materials in the feces into substances in which some of them are reabsorbed and reused by the body.

Cancer is a class of chronic disease caused by cell DNA alternation in the tissue of a specific organ.
The invasive tumor tends to spread to other nearby healthy tissue compared to a noninvasive and benign tumor.

Colon cancer is a chronic condition characterized by irregular cell growth that starts in the cells in the inner lining the tissues of the colon tissues, after penetrating into deeper layers to form a tumor, through the unlimited cell cycle division.

Colon cancer is relatively very common, slowly growing and progressing in a predictable way.

However, at the advanced stage, colon cancerous cell can travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissue, leading to secondary metastasis.

Together with rectal cancer, colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in Western countries, including the US and Canada.

According to the statistics, the lifetime risk of developing colon cancer is about one in 23. Colon cancer accounts for 71% of all cases of colorectal cancer. The overall 5 years survival rate of localized colon cancer is 90%.

The 5-year survival rate of colon cancer is 90%. Only 39% of patients are diagnosed in the localized stage.

Dr. Bandaru S. Reddy, in examining the types and amount of dietary fat and colon cancer risk wrote, "The role of types of dietary fat, especially saturated fats of animal origin, n−6- and n−3-rich polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the etiology of colorectal cancer has become increasingly apparent".

And, "Epidemiological studies indicate a positive association between the dietary intake of saturated fat and/or animal fat and colon cancer risk and an inverse relationship between the intake of fish and fish oil rich in n−3 PUFAs and colon cancer development".

In other words, if you follow the Western diet, you are at an increased risk of colon cancer.

Indicaxanthin is phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belongings to the group of Betalains found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.

On finding a potent compound for the treatment of cancer, researchers examined the potential influence of consistent dietary concentrations of indicaxanthin on LOVO1, CACO2, HT29, HCT116, and DLD1 cells.

According to the tested analysis, Indicaxanthin exerted a significant anti-proliferative activity in all cell lines but HT29 by inhibiting some methylation-silenced onco-suppressor genes.

In other words, Indicaxanthin normalized the gene expression associated with cancer cells suppression without affecting the function of basally hypermethylated such as SFRP1 and HPP1.


Interesting, indicaxanthin increased the DNA Methyltransferases (DNMT) gene expression but decrease the activity involved in the promotion of varies types of cancer, including colon cancer.


Most importantly, Indicaxanthin also increased the expression of genes involved in DNA demethylation associated with the activity of unwanted DNA methyltransferase induced tumor progression.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "contribute to new knowledge in the field of phytochemicals and specifically suggest dietary indicaxanthin as a potential epigenetic agent to protect colon cells against tumoral alterations".


Taken altogether, indicaxanthin may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of colon cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Phytochemical Indicaxanthin Inhibits Colon Cancer Cell Growth and Affects the DNA Methylation Status by Influencing Epigenetically Modifying Enzyme Expression and Activity by Naselli F1, Belshaw NJ, Gentile C, Tutone M, Tesoriere L, Livrea MA, Caradonna F. (PubMed)
(2) Types and amount of dietary fat and colon cancer risk: Prevention by omega-3 fatty acid-rich diets by Bandaru S. Reddy. (PMC)