Phytochemicals Phytic Acid, Inhibits the Risk and Progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Phytic acid, a bioactive compound found mostly in seeds and beans may have a strong and profound effect in protecting the aging brain against the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), some scientists suggested.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease occurred mostly in the older population characterized by progressive brain cell death that happens over time.

Alzheimer's disease worsens over time and it is fatal.

As the disease progression, the brain tissue of the patient with AD has fewer and fewer nerve cells and connections.

In the elderly, age-related to the changes in the brain include atrophy (shrinking) of certain parts of the brain, inflammation associated with overexpression of free radicals in the induction of neuro cytotoxicity that affects the energy production within cells and long-term accumulated of plaques in the neurons caused by unhealthy diet are many prevalent risk factors that elevate the early onset and progression of the disease.

Dr. Pini L and colleagues in the study "Brain atrophy in Alzheimer's Disease and aging" said, "Disease progression has also been associated with changes in white matter tracts. Recent studies have investigated two areas often overlooked in AD, such as the striatum and basal forebrain, reporting significant atrophy".

The results suggested the loss of white matter tracts in the striatum and basal forebrain may be the culprits that brain shrinking in the aging population.


In the analysis of the free radical, researchers suggested that free radicals overexpression cause the reduced levels of antioxidant enzymes produced by the elderly initiates the onset of oxidative stress that may attack and damage lipids, proteins, and DNA, leading to irreversible brain cells damage and development of AD.

Dr. Tuppo EE, the lead author in the study of oxidative stress and AD, said, "The brain is especially sensitive to oxidative damage because of its high content of readily oxidized fatty acids, high use of oxygen, and low levels of antioxidants" and "Evidence for oxidative damage has been obtained from postmortem brain tissue as well as from living patients with Alzheimer's disease. Antioxidants such as vitamin E show promise that they may help in treating the disease.

Phytic acid (Inositol hexaphosphate) are phytochemicals of the organic acid found abundantly in nuts, sesame seeds, soybeans, wheat, pumpkin, beans, almonds, etc.

Phytochemicals, the natural chemical constituent, protect the plants against diseases and form their outer's color. Phytochemicals may be the next potential sources of new medications for the treatment of diseases with little or no side effects.

In the finding of a novel protective treatment for AD pathology, researchers at the Oregon Health & Science University, Portland conducted an investigation to evaluate the phytic acid(inositol hexakisphosphate), a phytochemical found in food grains and a key signaling molecule in mammalian cells.

The experiment is to examine the protective and beneficial effects of phytic acid against amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in MC65 cells and the Tg2576 mouse model.


In MC65 cells, after 48-72-hour treatment with phytic acid researchers showed that phytic acid provided complete protection against amyloid precursor protein-C-terminal fragment-induced cytotoxicity by reducing the levels of calcium present, free radicals, and plaques accumulation.

Furthermore, the injection of phytic acid significantly increased brain levels of cytochrome oxidase which is found in low levels in AD patients and decreased lipid peroxidation.

The phytic acid was well tolerated with little side effects.

Additionally, in the finding a composition and method for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, researcher showed that phytic acid, a phytate salt, an isomer or hydrolysate of phytic acid or a phytate salt, or a mixture of any combination administered to a person in an amount from about 0.5 grams to about 18.75 grams per day, demonstrated a potential effect in reducing amyloid plaque development.

At the experiment, researchers also discovered that very low doses of phytic acid are effective in the treatment and prevention of aggregation of beta-amyloid proteins as are commonly seen in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.

Taken altogether, the phytic acid found abundant in nuts and seeds may be considered a functional supplement for the prevention of AD and an adjunct therapy combined with conventional medicine for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Phytic acid as a potential treatment for alzheimer's pathology: evidence from animal and in vitro models by Anekonda TS, Wadsworth TL, Sabin R, Frahler K, Harris C, Petriko B, Ralle M, Woltjer R, Quinn JF.(PubMed)
(2) Prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of Alzheimer's disease using phytic acid and phytate to reduce amyloid beta plaque and tau protein(Patnetdocs)
(3) Brain atrophy in Alzheimer's Disease and aging by Pini L1, Pievani M2, Bocchetta M3, Altomare D1, Bosco P2, Cavedo E4, Galluzzi S2, Marizzoni M2, Frisoni GB. (PubMed)
(4) Free radical oxidative damage and Alzheimer's disease by Tuppo EE1, Forman LJ. (PubMed)