Phytochemical indicaxanthin, the Best Natural Promotion of Myeloperoxidase Function Against Microbial Infection

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a peroxidase enzyme found most abundantly in white blood cells neutrophil granulocytes.

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) processes a critical role that protects our body against the invasion of microorganisms.

In cellular levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) demonstrated to be a local mediator of tissue damage by stimulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines with an aim to protect the cell against the invasion of pathogens which may enter the body to induce the acute phase of infection.

In other words, MPO deficiency that induces the exaggerates of the inflammatory response and affects neutrophil functions including cytokine production has been found to reduce the immune function in the acute phase of infection that leads to chronic low-grade inflammatory disease.

MPO deficiency has been found in patients with diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, iron deficiency, renal transplantation, thrombotic diseases, lead poisoning, obstructive jaundice, disseminated cancers, hematologic disorders, and neoplasms.


However, genetic preposition may be the primary condition that causes the onset of PMO deficiency.


Dr. Roma Pahwa wrote, "Primary MPO deficiency is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder and is generally present with varying degrees of severity and clinical features. A number of point germline mutations resulting in MPO deficiency have been detected in primary form. Some of these mutations are associated with the defective posttranslational processing of the MPO precursor protein and others with pre-translational defects caused by mutations in the regulatory portion of the MPO gene".


And, " Most of the mutations associated with the hereditary form are R569W (the commonest), Y173C, M251T, G501S, and R499C and a deletion of 14 bases (D14) within exon 9. It is noteworthy that eosinophils are never involved in MPO deficiency since eosinophil peroxidase is encoded by another gene than MPO".


Isobetanin is phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belongings to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard,...

With an aim to find a potent compound for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection, researchers examined the effects of phytochemical indicaxanthin on enzyme myeloperoxidase.

The kinetic study conducted by the University of Palermo was to examine the interaction between the betalains, betanin, and indicaxanthin as redox intermediates of compound I and compound II of MPO.

Based on the tested differentiation, both compound I and compound II exhibited significant antioxidant activity was found to associate with the concentration of betanin and indicaxanthin.

The presence of betalains and indicaxanthin exhibited the function of MPO in scavenging hypochlorous acid at pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C.


At neutral pH and depending on their concentration, both betalains and indicaxanthin.can exhibit a stimulating and inhibitory effect on the chlorination activity of MPO.

However, at pH 5.0 both betalains and can only exhibit a stimulating and inhibitory effect on the chlorination activity of MPO in the micromolar concentrations.

Taken altogether, indicaxanthin may be considered a remedy for the promotion of the antibacterial activity of myeloperoxidase, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of isobetanin and betalains in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) "Mechanism of interaction of betanin and indicaxanthin with human myeloperoxidase and hypochlorous acid" by Allegra M, Furtmüller PG, Jantschko W, Zederbauer M, Tesoriere L, Livrea MA, Obinger C.(PubMed)
(2) Myeloperoxidase Deficiency by Roma Pahwa; Ishwarlal Jialal. (NCBI)
(3) Myeloperoxidase: Its role for host defense, inflammation, and neutrophil function by Aratani Y. (PubMed)