Phytochemical Polysulfides, The Potent Anti Breast Cancer Bioactive Supplement

Polysulfide, a bioactive and organic phytochemical found most in garlic and onion may have a strong effect in reducing the risk and treatment of breast cancer, some studies found.

Breast cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the breast tissue. At the early stage, most breast cancer starts in the cell with alternated DNA of the surface the breast inner linings.

At the advanced stage, the breast cancer cell can travel a distance away from the original site to affect other healthy tissue and organs through the circulation of lymph and blood.

The exact causes of the alternation of breast cells DNA are unknown. However, researchers do know that genetic preposition of gene BRCA 1 and 2 are one of the major risk factors which are associated with 8% on all breast cancer onset.

Unfortunately, women who carry the mutated genes BRCA 1 and 2 have a 60% increased risk of breast cancer.

Dr. Angèle S and colleagues in the examining gene implication in the risk breast cancer wrote, "Loss of heterozygosity in the region of the ATM gene on chromosome 11, has been found in about 40% of sporadic breast tumors. However, screening for ATM mutations in sporadic breast cancer cases, showing or no adverse effects to radiotherapy, has not revealed the magnitude of involvement of the ATM gene expected".


Furthermore, in the concerns of the unprecedented rise in obesity, and the health impact in elevated the risk of chronic diseases, researchers at the joint study led by the Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center launched an investigation of "Obesity and adverse breast cancer risk and outcome".

The results were published in the medical literature online of the US National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health.

In the final report, researchers wrote, "Obesity is associated both with a higher risk of developing breast cancer, particularly in postmenopausal women and with worse disease outcome for women of all ages." and "increased physical activity is associated with lower breast cancer risk and better outcomes. The effects of recent lifestyle interventions to decrease sex steroids, insulin/insulin‐like growth factor‐1 pathway activation, and inflammatory biomarkers associated with worse breast cancer outcomes".

According to the statistic, in 2014, worldwide, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25‐29.9 kg/m2), and of these, over 600 million were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2).

These result suggested, by following a healthy diet that has a strong activity in promoting weight loss and lifestyle with moderate exercise are the best method to decrease the risk of breast cancer.

Early diagnosis with self-examination also reduced the risk of breast cancer onset and increasing the rate of survival,


The 5 years survival rate of the early stage of breast cancer is 100%.


Polysulfides are phytochemicals in a class of chemical compounds containing chains of sulfur atoms, belonging to the group ofOrganosulfides found abundantly in the oxidized product, including beer, wine, whiskey, garlic oil, etc.

In the study to reaffirm the effects of organosulfur compounds (OSCs), naturally found in Allium vegetables, in suppressing the proliferation of various tumor cells, researchers at the Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Moléculaire et Biochimie Pharmacologique conducted an experiment to find the specific molecular mechanisms involved in OSC.

Polysulfides isolated from the organosulfur compounds demonstrated a significant and breast cancer antiproliferation.
The phytochemical also exerted an inhibitory activity through cell cycle arrest by targeting the cell division cycle (Cdc) 25 phosphatases which are crucial enzymes of the cell cycle.

The growth of both sensitive (MCF-7) and resistant (Vcr-R) human breast carcinoma cells was significantly decreased by polysulfides.

Furthermore, in the identification of Identification of agents that are non-toxic but can delay onset and/or progression of breast cancer, by differentiating polysulfides, the garlic-derived organosulfur compounds (OSCs), a promising cancer chemopreventive constituent of garlic, on growth of two cell lines respectively, MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and nontumorigenic MCF-12a mammary epithelial cells.


Application of garlic constituent polysulfides suppressed the viability of cultured MCF-7 and MCF-12a cells respectively by decreasing the percent of cells in G(2)/M and inducing apoptotic cell death.
Polysulfides induced apoptosis was markedly elevated in MCF-7 cells compared with MCF-12a cells and this was correlated with elevated levels of cyclin B1, a program cell mediators.

Moreover, the application of the garlic isolated compound also increased the expression of apoptotic and decreased the expression of proliferative enzymes and proteins in MCF-7 cells.


The results suggested that polysulfides displayed a strong anti-breast cancer effect through apoptotic and antiproliferative pathways.

Taken altogether, polysulfides including a class of chemical compounds containing chains of sulfur atoms may be considered a functional bioactive compound for the prevention of breast cancer and an adjunct supplement combined with primary treatment for breast cancer.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Antiproliferative effect of natural tetrasulfides in human breast cancercells is mediated through the inhibition of the cell division cycle 25 phosphatases by Viry E1, Anwar A, Kirsch G, Jacob C, Diederich M, Bagrel D.(PubMed)
(2) Garlic constituent diallyl trisulfide induced apoptosis in MCF7 human breast cancer cells by Malki A1, El-Saadani M, Sultan AS.(PubMed)
(3) The ATM gene and breast cancer: is it really a risk factor? by Angèle S1, Hall J.(PubMed)
(4) Obesity and adverse breast cancer risk and outcome: Mechanistic insights and strategies for intervention by Manuel Picon‐Ruiz, PhD, 1 Cynthia Morata‐Tarifa, PhD, 2 Janeiro J. Valle‐Goffin, MD, 3Eitan R. Friedman, MD, 4 and Joyce M. Slingerland, MD, PhD. (PMC)