Anacardic Acids, The Potential Anti Breast Cancer Phytochemical

Anacardic acids, a phytochemical found abundantly in the may process a potential effect in reducing the risk and treatment of breast cancer, some scientists suggested.

Breast cancer is a chronic condition associated with the irregular cell growth caused by the alternation of DNA of breast cells.

Most cases of breast cancer start on the cells in the surface of the in the inner lining tissue of the milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk.

However, after colonizing most of the breast tissue, the cancer cell at the later stage can travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissue and organs through the circulation of lymph and blood.

According to the statistic, every year, 75,000 and 234,000 patients are diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) in Germany and in the USA, respectively.

In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of a woman is 1/8.

Although genetic preposition such as mutated gene BRCA 1 and 2 are the best-known risk factor associated with the 60% increased the risk of breast cancer.

Unhealthy lifestyle including poor diet and physical inactivity are also the most mentioned risk factor by scientists.

Dr. Max Dieterich, the lead scientist in the study "Influence of Lifestyle Factors on Breast Cancer Risk" wrote, "epidemiological studies that lifestyle factors play an important role in the development of BC. For example, daughters of Asian women who have migrated to the USA revealed an increased risk of developing BC, which was attributed to the exposure to a different lifestyle and nutritional factors".

These results suggested regardless of ethical origin, if you follow the Western diet and lifestyle, you are at the higher levels of risk, compared to those who follow the traditional diet.

More precisely, if you are following the diet high saturated and trans fat, red meat and processed food, regardless of where you're from, you are at a higher risk of breast cancer.

Therefore by modifying the lifestyle risk factors to develop a strategy for BC prevention is an urgency for the prevention of breast cancer.

Other risk factors associated with breast cancer are age, family history of BC, personal breast history (pre-malignant lesions), breast density, thorax radiation, and a number of menstrual cycles during the lifetime.

In order to understanding the effect of Anacardic acid (AnAc; 2-hydroxy-6-alkylbenzoic acid), a dietary and medicinal phytochemical anticancer activity in cell and animal models, researchers at the cancer team program at the University of Louisville School of Medicine, conducted an experiment to test the mechanisms of the AnAc in the inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation.


Application of the AnAc 24:1(omega5) purified from geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum) inhibited the proliferation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive MCF-7 and endocrine-resistant LCC9 and LY2 breast cancer cells with greater efficacy than ERalpha-negative primary human breast epithelial cells, MCF-10A normal breast epithelial cells, and MDA-MB-231 basal-like breast cancer cells.

AnAc 24:1(omega5) inhibited cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis in a cell-specific manner.


AnAc 24:1(omega5) inhibited the breast cancer cell line was attributed to the stimulation of proteins that are responsible for program cell death and anti-cell proliferation.

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Dr. Schultz DJ, the lead scientist at the end of the study said, "These data indicate that AnAc 24:1(omega5) inhibits cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in an ER-dependent manner by reducing ER-DNA interaction and inhibiting ER-mediated transcriptional responses".

Furthermore, in examining the series of N-(4-cyano-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethoxy-6-alkyl (and alkenyl) benzamides related to the anacardic acid derivative CTPB prepared from 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, researchers found that In U937 cells
* Derivatives labeled 7 c, 7 d, 7, and 7 j exerted a potential effect in inducing cell-cycle arrest in the G1 phase,

* The derivative also cause apoptosis in about 20 % of the cells and increased the acetylation of H3. Loss of acylation levels of H3 was associated with patients with breast cancer.


Taken together, Anacardic acids may be considered a functional phytochemical for the prevention and an adjunct therapy combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of breast cancer.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Anacardic acid inhibits estrogen receptor alpha-DNA binding and reduces target gene transcription and breast cancer cell proliferation by Schultz DJ, Wickramasinghe NS, Ivanova MM, Isaacs SM, Dougherty SM, Imbert-Fernandez Y, Cunningham AR, Chen C, Klinge CM. (PubMed)
(2) New anacardic acid-inspired benzamides: histone lysine acetyltransferase activators.
Souto JA, Benedetti R, Otto K, Miceli M, Alvarez R, Altucci L, de Lera AR.(PubMed)