Moronic acid, the Antihyperglycemic Antioxidant

Antihyperglycemic activity is the process that promotes a hypoglycemic effect against the progression of hyperglycemia.

Oral antihyperglycemic agents are the medications used to lower glucose levels in the blood in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Hyperglycemia, a medical condition of abnormally high blood glucose and a hallmark of diabetes, is a major concern, in people with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Most cases of hyperglycemia occurred in patients who do not manage their diabetes properly.

Untreated hyperglycemia has been found to induce ketoacidosis characterized by the symptoms shortness of breath, breath that smells fruity and gastrointestinal discomforts such as nausea, vomiting, and dry mouth.

Ketoacidosis is a life-threatening condition caused by your body's inability to make enough insulin.

Most cases of hyperglycemia can be controlled by the following diabetes guidance.


By eating a healthy diet high in fiber, such as vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes (beans, peas, and lentils), whole-wheat flour and wheat bran, accompanied by healthy fish, patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes can control their blood glucose without worrying the onset of hyperglycemia.

The most common diseases associated with untreated hyperglycemia are cardiovascular diseases,
nerve damage (neuropathy) and kidney damage (diabetic nephropathy) or kidney failure and damage to the blood vessels of the retina (diabetic retinopathy), potentially leading to blindness.


Moronic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belonging to the group of Terpenes found in extracted from Rhus javanica, Mistletoe, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of high blood glucose, researchers examined the effects of Morolic (1) and moronic (2) acids, the main constituents of acetonic extract from Phoradendron reichenbachianum (Loranthaceae), a medicinal plant on hyperglycemia.

On mice induced diabetic model,* Daily-administered morolic (1) and moronic (2) acids (50 mg/kg) significantly lowered the blood glucose levels at 60% since the first day until the tenth day after treatment than the untreated group (p<0.05).
* Both compounds diminished plasmatic concentration of cholesterol (CHO) and triglycerides (TG), returning them to normal levels (p<0.05).

* Pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of each compound induced significant antihyperglycemic effect after glucose and sucrose loading (2 g/kg) compared with the control group (p<0.05).

* Moreover, in vitro studies showed that compounds 1 and 2 induced inhibition of 11β-HSD 1 associated with hepatic glucose output activity at 10 μM.


Based on the findings, researchers said, "moronlic and moronic acids have shown sustained antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic action possibly mediated by an insulin sensitization with consequent changes of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides, in part mediated by inhibition of 11β-HSD 1".

Taken altogether, moronic acids may be considered supplements for the treatment of hyperglycemia, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antihyperglycemic and sub-chronic antidiabetic actions of morolic and moronic acids, in vitro and in silico inhibition of 11β-HSD by Ramírez-Espinosa JJ1, García-Jiménez S, Rios MY, Medina-Franco JL, López-Vallejo F, Webster SP, Binnie M, Ibarra-Barajas M, Ortiz-Andrade R, Estrada-Soto S. (PubMed)