Ursolic Acid, An Adjunct Therapy for the Treatment of Liver Cancer

The liver is the largest internal organ found in the human which plays an essential role in filtering the blood from the digestive system before passing them to other parts of the body.

The liver also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance which aids digestion, builds cell membranes and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.

Liver disease is a class of medical conditions characterized by the reduction partly or completely the function of the liver, including liver failure.

Additionally, the liver also inhibits oxidative stress by producing the antioxidant enzyme that counters the expression of free radicals in the body

Liver cancer is a medical condition characterized by out of controlled growth of hepatocellular cells in the liver. Most cases of liver cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the liver tissue, before penetrating into deeper layers to form a tumor.

At the advanced stage, primary liver cancer can also travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissues and organs, leading to secondary metastasis.

Since the liver is an organ with soft tissue with less nerve, most liver cancer patients are diagnosed in the later stage of cancer.

According to the statistic, liver cancer remains the fifth most common malignancy in men and the eighth in women worldwide. In the US, approximately 42,030 new cases including 29,480 in men and 12,550 in women will be diagnosed with liver cancer. The liver cancer also will cause of 31,780 American, including 21,600 men and 10,180 women in 2019.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of primary liver cancer.

The most common symptoms of liver cancer are abdominal pain, tenderness, easy bruising or bleeding, enlarged abdomen, jaundice, severe pain, particularly in the later stage and drowsiness and confusion accompanied by the general symptoms shared by other types of cancer.

Ursolic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belongings to the group of Terpenes found abundantly in apples, basil, bilberries, cranberries, peppermint, lavender, oregano, hawthorn, prunes., etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of liver diseases, researchers examined the effects of a developed drug delivery system of UA-loaded polymer micelles (UA-PMs) to overcome the disadvantages of UA in clinical application in enhancing antitumor effect on liver cancer.

According to the analysis,
* UA-PMs could markedly inhibit the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells.

* In vivo study showed that UA-PMs could significantly inhibit the growth of H22 xenograft and prolong the survival time of tumor-bearing mice.

In other words, researchers said, "UA-PMs possess great potential in liver cancer therapy and may enlarge the application of UA in clinical therapy".

Taken altogether, ursolic acid may be considered adjunct therapies in the treatment of liver cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Polymeric micelles loading with ursolic acid enhancing anti-tumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma by Zhou M1, Yi Y2, Liu L2, Lin Y2, Li J2, Ruan J3, Zhong Z. (PubMed)