Betaxanthins, the Potential Anti Cancer Phytochemical

Cancer is a class of chronic diseases caused by cells growth and multiplies disorderedly and uncontrollably in the body.

Every day millions of cell grow to replace millions of dead cells to keep our body in balance and healthy. Sometimes, acceleration of cells growth is necessary to prevent further damage to the body organ, such as cut, injure, etc., but after fulfilling their purposes, the growth of cells are back to a normal rate again.

Under normal circumstance, cell growth is limit to a number of cycles before dying and replacing by new cells. However, in cancer, the invasive cell can grow indefinitely. In other words, the cancer cell ignores the cell growth inhibitor.

According to the statistics provided by the American Cancer Society, in 2019, 1,762,450 new cancer cases will be diagnosed in the US. The disease will also cause the death of 606,880 Americans in the same year.

Believe it or not, the study continued, "Over the past decade of data, the cancer incidence rate (2006-2015) was stable in women and declined by approximately 2% per year in men, whereas the cancer death rate (2007-2016) declined annually by 1.4% and 1.8%, respectively".

Depending on the types and grade of cancer, some cancers can be progressively worse and damage other healthy tissues. Sometimes cancers can spread to other tissues and organs in the body via lymph or blood.

The most common prevalent factors that induce cancer risk are
* Aging is a prevalent risk factor of cancer developing as most patients with cancer are found in older adults. Some researchers suspected that free radicals may be one of the contributors.

* Tobacco use is asscoaited with an increased risk of lung cancer, due to chemicals induced cells alternation

* Sunlight is the major cause of skin cancer,

*ionizing radiation: Any types of hazard chemicals cause of gene mutation

* Virus and bacteria infection

* Hormones: Abnormal production of certain hormones can increase the risk of sex-related cancers

* Family history.

Carcinoma cancer is a most common type of malignant tumor found in anywhere of epithelial tissues lining the cavities, surfaces of structures and glands, accounting to 90% of all cancer cases.

Betaxanthins are phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, Sicilian prickly pear, etc.

With an aim to find a potential compound for the treatment of inflammatory disease, researchers examined the anti-inflammatory effects of red beetroot betaxanthins.

Vitexin-2-O-xyloside found in beetroot, in combination with betaxanthins and betacyanins, exerted antiproliferative activity in breast, liver, colon, and bladder cancer cell lines.

This efficacy was attributed to the synergistic activity in the inhibition of genes associated with pro-survivals, angiogenesis, and promotion of apoptosis.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1A that responses to the decreases in available oxygen in the cancer cellular environment were also inhibited by the combination.

These results strongly suggested that these phytochemicals enhance their anticancer activity through The multi-target action.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Vitexin-2-O-xyloside, betaxanthins, and betacyanins can be used in combination with conventional anticancer drugs to reduce their toxicity and overcome the multidrug resistance of cancer cells".

Taken altogether, betaxanthins combined with other phytochemicals may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) C-Glycosyl Flavonoids from Beta vulgaris Cicla and Betalains from Beta vulgaris rubra: Antioxidant, Anticancer and Antiinflammatory Activities-A Review by Ninfali P1, Antonini E1, Frati A1, Scarpa ES. (PubMed)
(2) Cancer statistics, 2019 by Siegel RL1, Miller KD2, Jemal A. (PubMed)