Healthy Food Onion Suppressed Weight Gain in Obese Animal Model

Obesity is a medical and chronic condition caused by long-term excessive body fat accumulated. Overweight is a condition of excess body weight relative to height.


According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), people who have a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight and a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity.
The formula of the BMI indexBMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)
According to the statistic, 68% of the American population is either overweight or obese. However,
in 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults, 18 years and older, were overweight, inclduing over 650 million were obese worldwide.

Most common causes of obesity are associated with
* An increased intake of energy-dense foods that are high in saturated and trans fat, processed foods and red meat.

* An increase in physical inactivity.

The WHO in the explanation of the causes of obesity wrote, "Changes in dietary and physical activity patterns are often the result of environmental and societal changes associated with development and lack of supportive policies in sectors such as health, agriculture, transport, urban planning, environment, food processing, distribution, marketing, and education".

Certain medical conditions such as hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome, Cushing's syndrome,..., genetic preposition and use of certain medications that can cause weight gain or water retention, such as corticosteroids, antidepressants or some seizure medications, also increases the risk of overweight and obesity.

Epidemiologically, obese people are associated with an increased risk of diseases and health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure.

Some researchers suggested that by dietary changes, increased physical activity and behavior changes have been found to enhance weight loss in obesity. In extremely obese subjects, prescription medications and weight-loss surgery may be the only options.
The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belonging to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic. It is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures.

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of obesity, researchers examined the effects of
garlic oil and onion oil on serum lipid levels in hyperlipidemia in an animal model.
The study included 96 Sprague-Dawley rats randomly allocated into eight groups which received repeated oral administration of volatile oils extracted from garlic and onion for 60 days, based on their body weight and serum levels of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC).
According to the tested assays compared to the baseline, the volatile oils of garlic and onion suppressed weight gain induced by HFD accompanied by the decrease of adipose tissue weight.
The decreased levels of TG, TC, and LDL-C and increased the serum level of HDL-C were also found in the treatment group compared to rats in the hyperlipidemia model groups.

Furthermore, treatment with volatile oil also protects the liver against the hepatic steatosis by improving the effects of the lipid profile.

In other words, volatile oils extracted from garlic and onion inhibit the risk of obesity by improving the liver and adipose tissue in fat metabolisms.

Dr. Yang C, the lead scientist after taking other factors into account wrote, "Our results implied that garlic oil and onion oil have anti-obesity properties that can counteract the effects of an HFD on body weight, adipose tissue weight, and serum lipid profiles".

Moreover, the assessment of the effect of onion peel tea (OPT) in a mouse model of high-fat-diet-induced obesity suggested that BALB/c mice fed a high-fat diet for three weeks, followed by a normal diet with or without OPT for 28 days suppresses the increases in body weight and level of epididymal fat tissue, similar to those of the aforementioned results.

Additionally, OPT administration also significantly reduced the serum concentrations of total cholesterol on day 14 and those of glucose and leptin on day 28.

These results suggested OPT inhibits the parameters associated with the onset of obesity.


Taken altogether, onion used alone or combined with garlic may be considered functional food/foods for the prevention and treatment of obesity, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Anti-obesity and Hypolipidemic effects of garlic oil and onion oil in rats fed a high-fat diet by Yang C1, Li L1, Yang L1, Lǚ H1,2, Wang S1, Sun G. (PubMed)
(2) Onion peel tea ameliorates obesity and affects blood parameters in a mouse model of high-fat-diet-induced obesity by Matsunaga S1, Azuma K1, Watanabe M2, Tsuka T1, Imagawa T1, Osaki T1, Okamoto Y. (PubMed)
(3) Obesity and overweight by WHO