The Marvelous smoothie of Cooked Fennel, Ginger and Almond Milk for reduced risk and treatment of Dysmenorrhea

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients) all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


The smoothie for women with dysmenorrhea

Yield: 2 serving (about 8 ounce each)
1/2 cup cooked fennel
1 large slice of ginger
1 1/2 cups of almond milk

1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately

The finding the natural ingredients for prevention and treatment of dysmenorrhea with little or no adverse effects to replace the conventional medicine have been facing many obstacles. Many initially potentially therapeutic values, working in animal studies does not produce the same effectiveness in human trials.

Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is defined as a condition of severe uterine pain during menstruation. Some women may experience periodic pains during or prior to, or after menstrual periods in the lower abdomen as resulting of over production of certain hormones in the prostaglandins family.

Recent studies of the combination of fennel(1), ginger(4)may have a potential and therapeutic values for reduced painful symptoms and treatment of dysmenorrhea.
Fennel is a species of Foeniculum Vulgare, belong to the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), and native to to the shores of the Mediterranean. It is now widely cultivated all around the globe to use as food and herb.
According to the Babol University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, in a total of 60 virgin girls with complaints ofdysmenorrhoea, 30 mg fennel extract, four times a day for three days from start of their menstrual period significantly reduced menstrual pain(1).

Dr. Modaress Nejad V and Dr.Asadipour M. in comparison of the effectiveness of fennel and mefenamic acid on pain intensity in dysmenorrhoea, said," In the fennel group, 80% of girls and in the mefenamic acid group, 73% of girls showed complete pain relief or pain decrease", in a study of groups of high-school girls, suffering dysmenorrhoea randomized to receive fennel extract (n = 55) or mefenamic acid (n = 55) for 2 months(2).

Furthermore, the University of Tehran Medical Sciences in the stutdy of uterine contraction as a model for dysmenorrhea, fennel essential oil (FEO), reduced the frequency of contractions induced by (prostaglandin hormone) PGE-2 with little or no adverse effects(3).

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root is the genus Zingiber, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil, used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.
According to Dr. Backon J. at the Mount Pleasant Hospital Addiction Studies Foundation, ginger, may be effective for treatment of pain and cramping of dysmenorrhea as a thromboxane synthetase(antiplatelet drugs) inhibitor in activation of the endorphin receptors(6).

Dr. Halder A in the study of the muscle relaxation versus intake of ginger powder on dysmenorrhoea, said," in treating symptoms of dysmenorrhoea, gingerpowder has efficacy superior to progressive muscle relaxation."(5).

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids found abundantly in almond may be adding to the curable ingredients for reduced painful symptoms and treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea(7). According to the Semnan University of Medical Sciences, oral administration of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids not only reduced the symptom intensity but also reduced doses of ibuprofen for women with dysmenorrhea(7).
In a double-blind, randomized clinical trial study of management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea, application of Omega 3 fatty acids significantly reduce dysmenorrhea and the emotional symptoms of premenstrual syndrome(8).

In support of the above efficacy, the Children's Hospital Medical Center study showed a positive result of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids in inhibition of dysmenorrheain adolescents(9).


Taking altogether, women who are at increased risk of dysmenorrhea due to menstrual irregularity .....should drink at least one serving daily and women with dysmenorrhea should drink the smoothie as much as they can, depending to digestive toleration.
Change life style and diet pattern are also recommended.

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References
(1) Effect of fennel on pain intensity in dysmenorrhoea: A placebo-controlled trial by Omidvar S1, Esmailzadeh S, Baradaran M, Basirat Z(PubMed)
(2) Comparison of the effectiveness of fennel and mefenamic acid on pain intensity in dysmenorrhoea by Modaress Nejad V1, Asadipour M.(PubMed)
(3) The effect of fennel essential oil on uterine contraction as a model for dysmenorrhea, pharmacology and toxicology study by Ostad SN1, Soodi M, Shariffzadeh M, Khorshidi N, Marzban H.(PubMed)(4) [Dysmenorrhea: a study of affected factors and approaches to relief among female students at a college in southern Taiwan].[Article in Chinese] by Chen CK1, Huang YP, Fang HL, Huang YY.(PubMed)
(5) Effect of progressive muscle relaxation versus intake of ginger powder on dysmenorrhoea amongst the nursing students in Pune by Halder A1.(PubMed)
(6) Mechanism of analgesic effect of clonidine in the treatment of dysmenorrhea by Backon J1.(PubMed)
(7) Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on intensity of primary dysmenorrhea by Rahbar N1, Asgharzadeh N, Ghorbani R.(PubMed)
(8) Evaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea by Sampalis F1, Bunea R, Pelland MF, Kowalski O, Duguet N, Dupuis S.(PubMed)
(9) Supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of dysmenorrhea in adolescents by Harel Z1, Biro FM, Kottenhahn RK, Rosenthal SL.(PubMed)