All About Vitamins: Niacin as Antioxidant

By Kyle J. Norton.

Niacin, is also known as vitamin B3, nicotinic acid, an organic compound with the formula
C6H5NO2, found abundantly in chicken, beef, fish, cereal, peanuts and legumes. It is best known for its effects in lowering cholesterol and triglycerides and removing toxic from our body and promoting production of steroid hormones.

Antioxidant is a chemical compound with function in inhibited oxidation caused by imbalance of oxygen molecules.

Niacin may have a profound effect in reduced risk of free radical expression by exhibiting antioxidant activity, a renowned study suggested.

In the study of animals, randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (n = 6): Group I, control, received distilled water by gavage; Group II, received MeHg (100 µg/kg/d) by gavage; Group III, received NA (50 mg/kg/d) in drinking water; Group IV, received MeHg (100 µg/kg/d) by gavage + NA (50 mg/kg/d) in drinking water, niacin fed mice exerted a significant effect in reduced adverse effects of toxicity produced by MeHg, through its the intrinsic antioxidant property.

The interaction of niacin also ameliorated oxidative stress through improved the presence of antioxidants of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) and reduced levels of free radicals of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide.

Promisingly, in the study of 21 patients older than 18 years, with HDL-C ≤40 mg dl-1 (men) or ≤50 mg dl-1 (women), randomly assigned to receive daily ERN (n = 10) or placebo (n = 11) for two sequential 12-week periods, with 4 weeks of wash-out before cross-over, niacin treatment showed positive outcomes in activated paraoxonase-1 (PON1) function in anti-atherosclerotic component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). and promoted the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of HDL.

Although, niacin expressed the impressive effect in improved antioxidant status in treated patients, the amounts do not match up to rise in HDL-C achieved in induced aApoA-I antibodies activity, Dr. Batuca JR, the lead author said, " (due to these result) niacin and other lipid lowering agents fail to reduce cardiovascular risk".

Taking together, there is not doubt that niacin or its derivative Extended-release niacin (ERN) may have a potential effect in reduced risk of lipid peroxidation through increasing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and be considered as therapeutic treatment of abnormal cholesterol expression.

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Biography
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Protective effects of niacin against methylmercury-induced genotoxicity and alterations in antioxidant status in rats by Silva de Paula E1, Carneiro MF1, Grotto D2, Hernandes LC3, Antunes LM3, Barbosa F Jr1.(PubMed)
(2) Extended-release niacin increases anti-apolipoprotein A-I antibodies that block the antioxidanteffect of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol: the EXPLORE clinical trial by Batuca JR1, Amaral MC1,2, Favas C2, Paula FS1,2, Ames PRJ1, Papoila AL3, Delgado Alves J1,2.(PubMed)