Antioxidant Alliin Suppresses Hyperglycemia in Vivo, Scientists Found

Hyperglycemia is a medical condition characterized by abnormally high levels of glucose in the bloodstream

Although hyperglycemia is a hallmark in patients with diabetes, the condition can also occur to people without diabetes due to a certain medical condition such as pneumonia in the elderly.

Dr. Yuan, Lin, the lead scientists in the examination of hyperglycemia in patients with an
acute pancreatitis (AP) wrote, "Hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, hypertension, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography treatment, acute hyperglycemia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase, decreased calcium, and AB blood type were risk factors for hyperglycemia development after AP".

Most common causes of hyperglycemia are associated with an uncontrolled diet, improper use of insulin and skip diabetic medication.

Most common symptoms of hyperglycemia are increased thirst frequent urination, fatigue (weak, and unintended weight loss. In severe cases, some patients may also experience symptoms of headaches, trouble concentrating and blurred vision.

If you have experienced some of the aforementioned symptoms, you may have abnormally elevated high blood sugar.

Untreated hyperglycemia can lead to serious complications requiring emergency care, such as a diabetic coma. Over the long-term, persistently mild hyperglycemia can lead to complications in eyes, kidneys, and nerve damage and heart disease and stroke.

By following the guidelines and recommendations in the management of blood glucose accompanied by a healthy and moderate exercise, diabetics may do just fine against hyperglycemia.


Alliin (S-allyl-L-cysteine-S-oxide) is a phytochemical compound sulfoxide,. a derivative of the amino acid cysteine, belonging to the class of sulfur compounds, found abundantly in fresh garlic and onion.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of hyperglycemia, researchers examined the effect of alliin against metabolic risk factors in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice.

Selected C57BL/6J DIO diet-induced obese mice are treated with drinking water with or without alliin (0.1 mg/ml) for 8 weeks.


Oral administration of alliin enhanced glucose homeostasis, increased insulin sensitivity and improved the lipid profile in the DIO mic without affecting the body weight, adiposity or energy balance.

In other words, alliin inhibited hyperglycemia selectively without normalizing the adiposity tissues inappropriate responses of energy intake and energy expenditure.


Based on the tested results, researchers found that the efficacy of alliin in the inhibition of hyperglycemia is partly associated with the modulation of the intestinal microbiota composition, typically decreased Lachnospiraceae and increased Ruminococcaceae.


In order to reveal more information about alliin antihyperglycemic activity, researchers examined the production and therapeutic efficiency of alliin extracted from garlic leaves of plants grown under ex-situ and in situ conditions.

According to the results of alliin aqueous leaf extracts (from ex-situ and in situ grown plants) were given to normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats for five weeks, under in situ conditions, alliin extract lowered the serum glucose, triglycerides, total lipids, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-, and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol in diabetic rats by ~54%, 15%, 14%, 20%, 24%, and 15% compared to 35%, 14%, 10%, 12%, 17% and 11% from the ex-situ grown plants.

Furthermore, compared to glibenclamide, the leaf extract of plants lowered serum enzyme levels (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase) associated with liver oxidative stress toward the normal.

Moreover, The histopathological alteration in the pancreas caused by alloxan was also inhibited markedly by leaf extract.


Based on the findings, Dr. Nasim SA, the lead scientist wrote, "These findings demonstrate leaf extract obtained from plants grown under in situ conditions possess higher therapeutic efficiency in comparison with leaf extract obtained from plants grown under ex-situ condition".

In other words, geographic growth may influence the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals in plants.

Taken altogether, alliin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of hyperglycemia, depending on the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of alliin in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of S-allyl-cysteine sulfoxide (alliin) in DIO mice by Zhai B1, Zhang C1, Sheng Y1, Zhao C2, He X1,3, Xu W1,3, Huang K1,3, Luo Y. (PubMed)
(2) Alliin obtained from leaf extract of garlic grown under in situ conditions possess higher therapeutic potency as analyzed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by Nasim SA1, Dhir B, Kapoor R, Fatima S, Mahmooduzzafar, Mujib A. (PubMed)
(3) Risk Factors of Hyperglycemia in Patients After a First Episode of Acute Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Cohort by Yuan L1, Tang M, Huang L, Gao Y, Li X. (PubMed)