Antioxidant Indicaxanthin Processes Cytoprotective Effects

Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells growing and multiplying disordered and uncontrollable ways in our body, due to the change of cellular DNA.

Most cases of cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the tissue of the organ.

However, at the later stage of the tumor progression, if undetected, the large size of the tumor can suppress and break the nearby small blood vessel, leading to internal bleeding and severe if the tumor also suppresses the nearby nerve cells.

Also, at this stage cancer cells can also travel a distance away from the original site to affect other healthy tissue and organs, leading to secondary metastasis.

Symptoms of cancer at this stage are totally depended on the affected area, including vomiting blood in oral and lung cancer blood in the urine in bladder cancer. hoarseness in throat cancer. ... Persistent lumps in the breast and lymph cancer and indigestion or difficulty swallowing in digestive related cancers.

Cytotoxicity is a process to induce the toxic agent to kill cells including healthy cells and cancer cells.

Cytotoxic drugs or cytostatics are cytotoxic chemotherapy that destroys cancer cells. Cytotoxic drugs have been found to induce healthy and cancer cell apoptosis by inhibiting cell division. The chemo-drugs also are transported by the bloodstream to kill cancer cells a distance away in case of distant spreading.

Some herbal medicines and phytochemicals have also been found to induce a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells by exhibiting the production of free radical toxic activity and protecting the nearby healthy cells through their antioxidant activity.

Researchers do not know the exact causes of cancers, but they do know, according to epidemiological studies that age, alcohol cancer, chronic Inflammation, genetic proposition, unhealthy diet, change of hormones use of immunosuppression, infectious agents, obesity, exposure to radiation and sunlight, use of tobacco are most common risk factors associated with the onset of some specific cancers.

People with a weakened immune function are at a higher risk of cancer, comapred to people with a normal or healthy immune system.

Dr. Candeias SM, the lead scientist said, "The immune system plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of the integrity of an organism. Besides the protection against pathogens, it is strongly involved in cancer prevention, development and defense".


And, "the immune system and developing tumors are intimately intertwined. Anti-tumor immune responses can be prominently boosted by multimodal therapies aiming at the one hand to induce immunogenic tumor cell death forms and on the other hand to actively counteract the immune suppressive microenvironment based on the tumor itself".
Indicaxanthin is phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belongings to the group of Betalains found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.

On finding a potential compound that processes cytoprotective activity, researchers examined the effect of Indicaxanthin effects on human beta-thalassemia RBCs.

In vitro, beta-thalassemia RBCs submitted to oxidative hemolysis by cumene hydroperoxide was inhabited by the indicaxanthin at 1.0-10 microM by enhancing the resistance of the destruction of red blood cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Further, administration of indicaxanthin not only prevented lipid and hemoglobin (Hb) oxidation) to induce cell death but also restored the levels of vitamin E and GSH depletion which was retarded by oxidative hemolysis.

In vivo, indicaxanthin also improves the levels of blood from thalassemia patients by recovering the soluble cell compartment of the RBCs.


According to the spectrophotometric study, compared to Trolox or vitamin C, indicaxanthin are more effective in the inhibition of the preferred-Hb generated in solution induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the diagnosis of anemia.

In other words, the phytochemical protects the quality and quantity of blood in human beta-thalassemia RBCs.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "indicaxanthin can be incorporated into the redox machinery of beta-thalassemia RBC and defend the cell from oxidation, possibly interfering with preferred-Hb, a reactive intermediate in the hydroperoxide-dependent Hb degradation".

Taken altogether, indicaxanthin may be considered a cytoprotective effects, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Cytoprotective effects of the antioxidant phytochemical indicaxanthin in beta-thalassemia red blood cells by Tesoriere L1, Allegra M, Butera D, Gentile C, Livrea MA. (PubMed)
(2) The Immune System in Cancer Prevention, Development and Therapy by Candeias SM1, Gaipl US. (PubMed)