The liver is the largest internal organ found in the human which plays an essential role in filtering the blood from the digestive system before passing them to other parts of the body.
The liver also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance which aids digestion, builds cell membranes and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.
Liver disease is a class of medical conditions characterized by the reduction partly or completely the function of the liver, including liver failure.
Liver disease is a process of reduced function of the liver acutely or gradually.
Liver cancer is a chronic liver disease associated with irregular cell growth that starts in the cells on the surface of the liver's inner lining tissue, before penetrating into deeper layers to form tumors through cell proliferation.
Liver cancer remains the fifth most common malignancy in men and the eighth in women worldwide.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of primary liver cancer.
According to the Canadian Liver Foundation, approximately one in ten Canadians, or more than 3 million people in Canada has some form of liver disease.
Believe it or not, 95% of deaths from liver disease are due to chronic hepatitis B and C, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and liver cancer, including 25% of obese patients.
The most common signs and symptoms of liver disease are jaundice, abdominal pain, and swelling in the legs and ankles, itchy skin, dark urine color, pale stool color, or bloody or tar-colored stool and tendency to bruise easily.
Primary liver cancer is a medical condition caused by irregular cell growth in the liver tissue as a result of the alternation of cell DNA.
According to the statistics, in 2019, approximately, 42,030 adults (29,480 men and 12,550 women) in the United States will be diagnosed with primary liver cancer.
Believe it or not, since 1980, the incidence of liver cancer has tripled. Between 2006 and 2015, the number of people diagnosed with primary liver cancer is increased by approximately 3% annually.
Oleanolic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belonging to the group of Terpenes found abundantly in honey mesquite, garlic, java apple, clove, etc.
On finding a potential plant that processes anti-cancer activity researchers examined the anti liver cancer effects of a natural compound oleanolic acid.
The study included human HepG2 liver cancer cells that were treated with various concentrations of oleanolic acid for 24 h.
According to the results of the analysis,
* Oleanolic acid decreased the viability of the liver cancer HepG2 cells and exhibited an IC50 of 30 µM.
* Oleanolic acid exerted very low toxic effects on normal liver cells AML12 cells and exhibited an IC50 of 120 µM.
* Furthermore, oleanolic acid also caused remarkable changes in the morphology of the HepG2 cells and inhibited their colony formation potential.
* Moreover, oleanolic acid triggered G2/M arrest and prompted apoptosis of the HepG2 cells.
* Additionally, oleanolic acid also increased the apoptotic cells from 2.2% in control to around 35% at 30 µM concentration.
* Oleanolic acid also suppressed the migration and invasion of the liver cancer cells.
Collectively, researchers said, "The results of the current research revealed that oleanolic acid can be a molecule that may be utilized in the treatment of liver cancer in the future".
Taken altogether, oleanolic acid may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Inhibition of cancer cell growth by oleanolic acid in multidrug resistant liver carcinoma is mediated via suppression of cancer cell migration and invasion, mitochondrial apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest and deactivation of JNK/p38 signalling pathway by Gao C1, Li X, Yu S, Liang L. (PubMed
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