Omega-3 Fatty Acids Process Antimicrobial Activities

Antimicrobial activity is an action that kills microorganisms or stops their growth. In humans, these actions are carried out daily by the immune system.

Infection is a processive condition caused by the battle of the invasion of microorganisms and the host immune white blood cells. Microorganism during the battle might produce toxins which can lead to the initiation of infection-related transmissible disease or communicable disease.

In acute infections, the systematic immune system responds properly to the invasive pathogen, leading to a brief battle after which the immune system is always victorious.

However, chronic infections occur when the immune cannot kill off the invasive stimuli in the acute phase of infection, leading to chronic infectious diseases.


The most common diseases associated with microbial infection include
* Diseases caused by bacteria are totally dependent on the types of bacterias, such as pneumonia, caused by Streptococcus and Pseudomonas, and foodborne illnesses caused by bacteria such as Shigella, Campylobacter, and Salmonella.

* Diseases caused by the virus include smallpox. the common cold and different types of flu. measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, and shingles. hepatitis. herpes and cold sores. polio. rabies, Ebola and Hanta fever.

* Diseases caused by parasites are malaria, trichomoniasis, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, and toxoplasmosis.

* Diseases caused by fungi aspergillosis usually occurs in patients with lung diseases or weakened immune systems and Candidiasis is caused by the yeast Candida.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.


The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of infectious diseases, researchers examined the Omega 3 fatty acid antimicrobial activity.

Linolenic acid and its derivatives (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) found in the omega-3 fatty acids demonstrated a strong antimicrobial property against the infection in the brain, the eye, the cardiovascular system, and general human growth.

In transgenic zebrafish, increased production of EPA and DHA inhibited bacterial growth and enhanced production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby protecting zebrafish from V. vulnificus infection.

Furthermore, omega-3 PUFAs also inhibited the virulence production of cytotoxins.

Moreover, EPA and DHA also induced the death of the Plasmodium species, inhibited viral replication, exerted anti-hepatitis C virus activity, and exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal effects.

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of diseases involved in micro-infection, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effectiveness of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids against microbial pathogens by Chanda W1, Joseph TP1, Guo XF1, Wang WD1, Liu M1, Vuai MS1, Padhiar AA1, Zhong MT. (PubMed)